Introduction Low and moderate endurance exercise is associated with better control of cardiovascular risk factors, a decreased risk of coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation (AF). There is, however, a growing proportion of individuals regularly performing strenuous and prolonged endurance exercise in which the health benefits have been challenged. Higher doses of endurance exercise have been associated with a greater coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden, risk of AF and myocardial fibrosis (MF). Methods and analysis Master@Heart is a multicentre prospective cohort study aiming to assess the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis, AF and MF in lifelong endurance athletes compared to late-onset endurance athletes (initiation of regular endurance exercise after the age of 30 years) and healthy non-athletes. The primary endpoint is the incidence of mixed coronary plaques. Secondary endpoints include coronary calcium scores, coronary stenosis >50%, the prevalence of calcified and soft plaques and AF and MF presence. Tertiary endpoints include ventricular arrhythmias, left and right ventricular function at rest and during exercise, arterial stiffness and carotid artery intima media thickness. Two hundred male lifelong athletes, 200 late-onset athletes and 200 healthy non-athletes aged 45–70 will undergo comprehensive cardiovascular phenotyping using CT, coronary angiography, echocardiography, cardiac MRI, 12-lead ECG, exercise ECG and 24-hour Holter monitoring at baseline. Follow-up will include online tracking of sports activities, telephone calls to assess clinical events and a 7-day ECG recording after 1 year. Ethics and dissemination Local ethics committees approved the Master@Heart study. The trial was launched on 18 October 2018, recruitment is complete and inclusions are ongoing. Trial registration number [NCT03711539][1]. No data are available. [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT03711539&atom=%2Fbmjosem%2F7%2F2%2Fe001048.atom

中文翻译：

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男性的耐力运动和心血管疾病的风险：终身耐力训练和晚发型耐力训练与非运动型生活方式的比较-前瞻性队列研究Master @ Heart研究的原理和设计

简介低度和中度耐力运动与更好地控制心血管危险因素，降低冠状动脉疾病和心房颤动（AF）的风险有关。但是，越来越多的人定期进行艰苦和长时间的耐力运动，从而对健康产生了挑战。高剂量的耐力运动与更大的冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块负担，房颤和心肌纤维化（MF）的风险有关。方法和分析Master @ Heart是一项多中心前瞻性队列研究，旨在评估终身耐力运动员与迟发耐力运动员（30岁后开始常规耐力运动）相比，冠状动脉粥样硬化，AF和MF的发生率非运动员。主要终点是混合冠状动脉斑块的发生率。次要终点包括冠状动脉钙化评分，冠状动脉狭窄> 50％，钙化和软斑的患病率以及AF和MF的存在。第三终点包括室性心律不齐，休息和运动时左右心室功能，动脉僵硬和颈动脉内膜中层厚度。200名男性终身运动员，200名晚期运动员和200至45-70岁的健康非运动员将通过CT，冠状动脉造影，超声心动图，心脏MRI，12导联心电图，运动心电图和24小时动态心电图监测进行全面的心血管表型分析在基线。后续活动将包括体育活动的在线跟踪，评估临床事件的电话以及1年后的7天心电图记录。道德与传播当地道德委员会批准了Master @ Heart研究。该试验于2018年10月18日启动，征募工作已完成，并且纳入工作正在进行中。试用注册号[NCT03711539] [1]。无可用数据。[1]：/lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT03711539&atom=%2Fbmjosem%2F7%2F2%2Fe001048.atom