The article discusses various types of investor obligations in special economic zones and examines how they are utilized as instruments for devising development policies. It presents the evolution of regulatory models and practices related to investor obligations in the context of the unilateral character of the legal framework of the zones. The article distinguishes between two types of investor obligations. The first includes commitments focused on quantifiable aspects of economic performance of the investor in the host country, such as the maintenance of a pre-determined level of investment or the creation of a specific number of jobs. The second category of investor obligations is those containing qualitative goals that contribute to the host country’s developmental objectives, such as workforce welfare commitments, environmental standards, and technology transfers. Case studies of Shenzhen, Poland, and Tanzania are analysed to demonstrate how relevant regulatory practices have evolved over time. The case studies are drawn from three different phases of the global proliferation of special economic zones and reflect the regional diversity of the zones.

中文翻译：

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经济特区的投资者义务：法律地位、类型和功能分析

本文讨论了经济特区中各种类型的投资者义务，并研究了如何将它们用作制定发展政策的工具。它介绍了在特区法律框架的单边特征背景下与投资者义务相关的监管模式和实践的演变。该条区分了两种类型的投资者义务。第一个包括侧重于投资者在东道国经济绩效的可量化方面的承诺，例如维持预先确定的投资水平或创造特定数量的就业机会。第二类投资者义务是那些包含有助于东道国发展目标的定性目标的义务，例如劳动力福利承诺、环境标准、和技术转让。对深圳、波兰和坦桑尼亚的案例研究进行了分析，以展示相关监管实践如何随着时间的推移而演变。这些案例研究来自全球经济特区扩散的三个不同阶段，反映了经济特区的区域多样性。