ABSTRACT

Background: Flipped classroom, which is inversion of conventional classroom procedures in simple terms, currently stands out as a popular teaching strategy for many Science courses.

Purpose: In this article, we tried to make a reinterpretation of the findings of recent empirical studies conducted on the effectiveness of the flipped classroom approach in science education.

Design and Methods: To determine the overall effect size of the flipped classroom implementations in Science courses, a meta-analysis of 30 studies with such moderator variables as education levels, durations of implementations, various subjects areas of science and class sizes was carried out. To consolidate the academic achievement theme dwelled on in the meta-analysis part, a meta-thematic analysis based on document analysis of qualitative studies was conducted to expound in detail general characteristics of the approach, its effect on academic dimension, its contribution to the affective domain and classroom environment.

Results: The findings reveal that the flipped classroom implementations have a positive medium effect (g = 0.727) on academic achievement in Science classes. Physics and Chemistry classes have the highest effect size values while Biology has the lowest effect size; the flipped classroom practices proved best in small size classes and at Primary School level with the highest effect sizes.

Conclusions: The findings of both analyses provide insights into applicability of the approach in teaching of Science and its sub-branches. The drawbacks of the approach are also discussed with some suggestions for implication.

摘要

背景：翻转课堂，简单来说就是传统课堂程序的倒置，目前作为许多科学课程的流行教学策略脱颖而出。

目的：在这篇文章中，我们试图重新解释最近对翻转课堂方法在科学教育中的有效性进行的实证研究的结果。

设计和方法：为了确定科学课程中翻转课堂实施的总体效果大小，对 30 项研究进行了荟萃分析，其中包括教育水平、实施持续时间、科学的各个学科领域和班级规模等调节变量。为了巩固元分析部分所阐述的学术成就主题，进行了基于定性研究文献分析的元主题分析，详细阐述了该方法的一般特征、对学术维度的影响、对情感影响的贡献。领域和课堂环境。

结果：研究结果表明，翻转课堂的实施对科学课的学业成绩具有积极的中介效应 (g = 0.727)。物理和化学课程的效果值最高，而生物学的效果值最低；事实证明，翻转课堂实践在小班和小学阶段效果最好，效果最好。

结论：两项分析的结果都提供了对该方法在科学及其分支教学中的适用性的见解。还讨论了该方法的缺点以及一些暗示建议。