Background: The current study set out to improve our understanding of the characteristics of individuals who are motivated to restrict their food intake yet who nevertheless fail to do so. We examined whether punishment sensitivity (PS) was related to restrained eating, and reward sensitivity (RS) to perceived dieting success. Additionally, it was examined whether executive control moderates the association between RS and perceived dieting success. Methods: Female student participants (N = 290, aged 17-29, BMI between 18.5-38.0) completed questionnaires on restrained eating, perceived dieting success, RS and PS, and carried out a behavioral task to index executive control. Results: PS was indeed positively related to restrained eating. RS was positively related to perceived dieting success, yet, executive control did not moderate this association. Conclusion: The current study adds to the evidence that PS is related to individuals’ motivation to restrict their food intake. Furthermore, it shows support for the suggestion that RS may facilitate food restriction.

中文翻译：

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节食者为何成功或失败：奖励和惩罚敏感性与节制饮食和节食成功之间的关系

背景：当前的研究旨在提高我们对那些有动机限制饮食但仍未能做到这一点的人的特征的理解。我们检查了惩罚敏感性（PS）是否与节制饮食有关，以及奖励敏感性（RS）是否与节食成功有关。此外，还检查了执行控制是否能缓解RS与节食成功之间的联系。方法：女学生参与者（N = 290，年龄17-29，BMI在18.5-38.0之间）完成了关于节制饮食，成功节食，RS和PS的问卷调查，并执行了一项行为任务以对执行者的控制进行索引。结果：PS确实与节制饮食呈正相关。RS与节食的成功成正相关，但是，执行控制并不能缓解这种关联。结论：当前的研究增加了证据，证明PS与个人限制其食物摄入的动机有关。此外，它也支持RS可能有助于限制食物的建议。