Abstract. Large amplitude internal waves in the ocean propagate in a dynamic, highly variable environment with changes in background current, local depth, and stratification. The Dubreil-Jacotin-Long, or DJL, theory of exact internal solitary waves can account for a background shear, doing so at a cost of algebraic complexity and a lack of a mathematical proof of algorithm convergence. Waves in the presence of shear that is strong enough to preclude theoretical calculations have been reported in observations. We report on high resolution simulations of stratified adjustment in the presence of strong shear currents. We find instances of large amplitude solitary-like waves with recirculating cores in parameter regimes for which DJL theory fails, and of wave types that are completely different in shape from classical internal solitary waves. Both are spontaneously generated from general initial conditions. Some of the waves observed are associated with critical layers, but others exhibit a propagation speed that is very near the background current maximum. As such they are not freely propagating solitary waves, and a DJL theory would not apply. We thus provide a partial reconciliation between observations and theory.

中文翻译：

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强剪切对内部孤波的影响

摘要。海洋中的大振幅内部波会在动态，高度变化的环境中传播，其背景电流，局部深度和分层都会发生变化。精确的内部孤立波的Dubreil-Jacotin-Long（或DJL）理论可以解释背景剪切，这样做的代价是代数复杂性和缺乏算法收敛性的数学证明。在观测中已经报道了存在剪切力的波浪，其强度足以阻止理论计算。我们报告了在强剪切电流存在下分层调整的高分辨率模拟。在DJL理论失败的参数范围内，我们发现了具有循环核心的大振幅孤岛状波的实例，并且其波型与经典内部孤波的形状完全不同。两者都是从一般的初始条件自动生成的。观察到的某些波与临界层有关，但其他波的传播速度非常接近背景电流最大值。因此，它们不是自由传播的孤立波，因此DJL理论将不适用。因此，我们提供了观察与理论之间的部分和解。