This article unpacks the neat straightforwardness of the ‘waste regime’ of the circular economy of food waste and its main idea: ‘waste as resource’. It explores the making of circularity by paying detailed attention to what is conceptualized as ‘make-up’ work, i.e. how interruptions and leaks along waste flows are handled in practice. Make-up work capitalizes on its double meaning. First, it highlights the covering of cracks needed in order to transform waste to energy. Second, make-up work pinpoints that the neatness of circularity is far from a straightforward technical system, but is continuously made. Through an interview-based study in Sweden, the article illuminates three steps of transformation of food waste into the commodity of biogas, analysing the material and cultural transformations, showing that the micro-management of preventing such interruptions is crucial. Problems such as lack of or misfit material, difficulties in sorting the substrate effectively, over/underproduction of gas and the political decisions steering the conditions for supply and demand are equally crucial and pose the threat that the production will be viewed as inefficient. Based on these results, the article emphasizes the need to problematize the paradigm of the circular economy and the zero-waste regime, on the one hand, and to recognize the work involved in striving for a sustainable society, on the other.

本文揭开了餐厨垃圾循环经济的“垃圾处理制度”及其主要思想“作为资源的浪费”的简洁明了的内容。它通过详细关注概念上的“补给”工作（即在实践中如何处理沿废物流的中断和泄漏）来探索循环性的产生。化妆工作充分利用了它的双重含义。首先，它突出显示了将废物转化为能源所需的裂缝的覆盖范围。其次，化妆工作指出圆度的整洁度远非简单的技术系统而是连续不断的。通过在瑞典进行的基于访谈的研究，本文阐明了将食物垃圾转化为沼气商品的三个步骤，分析了物质和文化的转化，表明防止此类中断的微观管理至关重要。同样的问题也很关键，这些问题包括：材料的缺乏或不合适，难以有效地分选基材，气体的过度/生产不足以及控制供求条件的政治决定，这些都威胁着生产将被视为效率低下。基于这些结果，本文强调一方面要对循环经济和零浪费制度的范式进行质疑，另一方面要认识到为建立可持续社会所做的工作。天然气的过度/生产不足以及控制供需状况的政治决策同样至关重要，并构成威胁，即生产将被视为效率低下。基于这些结果，本文强调一方面要对循环经济和零浪费制度的范式进行质疑，另一方面要认识到为建立可持续社会所做的工作。天然气的过度/生产不足以及控制供需状况的政治决策同样至关重要，并构成威胁，即生产将被视为效率低下。基于这些结果，本文强调一方面要对循环经济和零浪费制度的范式进行质疑，另一方面要认识到为建立可持续社会所做的工作。