Composite indicators are powerful tools for summarizing, focusing and condensing the complexity of our dynamic environment, and their use has become indispensable for managing huge amounts of information. An important aspect to emphasize when constructing composite indicators is the compensatory character among the individual indicators. In general, a fully compensatory scheme provides an overall assessment of the performance of each unit, while a non-compensatory scheme detects the worst single performances. When used in a decision making framework, the joint consideration of both schemes may, therefore, be helpful. Nevertheless, in the literature, few approaches allow the construction of composite indicators for different compensation degrees. On these premises, the aim of this paper is to illustrate the behavior of some methodologies that build composite indicators allowing different compensation degrees. We analyze the results provided by each of these methods and which of them provide a more varied complementary information when considering both compensatory and non-compensatory scenarios. An illustrative example is used to visualize the results.

中文翻译：

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综合指标作为决策工具：补偿和非补偿方案的联合使用

综合指标是总结​​、聚焦和浓缩我们动态环境复杂性的有力工具，它们的使用已成为管理大量信息必不可少的工具。在构建综合指标时要强调的一个重要方面是各个指标之间的补偿性。一般来说，完全补偿方案提供对每个单元性能的整体评估，而非补偿方案检测最差的单个性能。因此，当在决策框架中使用时，联合考虑两种方案可能会有所帮助。然而，在文献中，很少有方法允许构建不同补偿程度的综合指标。在这些场所，本文的目的是说明建立允许不同补偿程度的综合指标的一些方法的行为。我们分析了每种方法提供的结果，以及在考虑补偿性和非补偿性情景时，哪些方法提供了更多不同的补充信息。一个说明性示例用于可视化结果。