Interfacial Rheology Measured with a Spinning Drop Interfacial Rheometer: Particularities in More Realistic Surfactant–Oil–Water Systems Close to Optimum Formulation at HLDN = 0,Journal of Surfactants and Detergents

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Interfacial Rheology Measured with a Spinning Drop Interfacial Rheometer: Particularities in More Realistic Surfactant–Oil–Water Systems Close to Optimum Formulation at HLDN = 0
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-14 , DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12502
Ronald Marquez _{1,

2} , Luz Meza ₁ , José G. Alvarado ₁ , Johnny Bullón ₁ , Dominique Langevin ₃ , Ana M. Forgiarini ₁ , Jean‐Louis Salager ₁

Affiliation

Three different cases were selected to study the effect of physicochemical formulation on interfacial rheology properties of surfactant–oil–water (SOW) systems by increasing the complexity of the system from a basic case. This was performed by changing the normalized hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation (HLD_N) to attain the optimum formulation at HLD_N = 0. Two types of SOW systems were studied: the first one used an ionic surfactant with a salinity scan, and the second one a mixture of two nonionic surfactants in a formulation scan produced by changing their proportion. Both of them contained cyclohexane as a pure oil phase, without alcohol. Sec-butanol was then added as a co-surfactant with hardly any formulation influence on HLD_N. The complexity in interfacial rheology was then increased by changing the oil to a light crude with low asphaltene content. The interfacial rheology is also reported for a realistic system with a high asphaltene content comprised of crude oil diluted in cyclohexane with a conventional surfactant and a commercial demulsifier. The findings confirm that at optimum formulation and whatever the scanning variable (salinity, average ethylene oxide number in the nonionic surfactant mixture, or surfactant/demulsifier concentration), the interfacial tension, and interfacial elastic moduli E, E′, and E″ exhibit a deep minimum. These observations are related to the acceleration of the surfactant exchanges between the interface, oil, and water, near the optimum formulation. Several arguments are put forward to explain how these findings could contribute to the decrease in emulsion stability at HLD_N = 0.

中文翻译：

使用旋滴界面流变仪测量的界面流变：在更现实的表面活性剂-油-水系统中的特性接近于 HLDN = 0 的最佳配方

选择了三个不同的案例，通过从一个基本案例增加系统的复杂性来研究物理化学配方对表面活性剂-油-水 (SOW) 系统界面流变学性质的影响。这是通过改变归一化的亲水亲油偏差 (HLD _N ) 来实现的，以获得 HLD _N = 0的最佳配方。研究了两种类型的 SOW 系统：第一种使用离子表面活性剂进行盐度扫描，第二种使用离子表面活性剂通过改变其比例产生的配方扫描中两种非离子表面活性剂的混合物。它们都含有环己烷作为纯油相，不含酒精。然后添加仲丁醇作为辅助表面活性剂，对 HLD _N几乎没有任何配方影响. 然后通过将油改为具有低沥青质含量的轻质原油，增加了界面流变学的复杂性。还报告了具有高沥青质含量的实际系统的界面流变学，该系统由用常规表面活性剂和商业破乳剂在环己烷中稀释的原油组成。研究结果证实，在最佳配方和扫描变量（盐度、非离子表面活性剂混合物中的平均环氧乙烷数或表面活性剂/破乳剂浓度）、界面张力和界面弹性模量E、E ' 和E' 表现出一个深的最小值。这些观察结果与界面、油和水之间表面活性剂交换的加速有关，接近最佳配方。提出了几个论点来解释这些发现如何导致 HLD _N = 0 时乳液稳定性的降低。

更新日期：2021-04-14

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