In the composite pressure vessel composed of fiber-reinforced composites tubular and metal head, the discontinuity of the structure at the joint will lead to increase of local stress and the inconsistent of internal and external deformation, which is called edge effect. An analytical procedure is developed to predict the behavior of fiber-reinforced composite circular tubes under axial unilateral loading. The stress and strain fields are solved by using the three-dimensional anisotropic elasticity theory. The results show that gradient structure with axial modulus varying along radius has obvious effect on reducing deformation difference and edge effect of pressure vessel, and the improvement of edge effect increases with the increase of gradient parameter. The numerical simulation is carried out by using finite element method, and the results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations. The mathematical model established in this paper and the analysis results have some significance for improving the performance of fiber composite pressure vessels.

在由纤维增强复合材料管状和金属头部组成的复合压力容器中，接头处结构的不连续性将导致局部应力的增加以及内部和外部变形的不一致，这称为边缘效应。开发了一种分析程序来预测纤维增强复合材料圆管在轴向单边载荷下的行为。利用三维各向异性弹性理论求解了应力场和应变场。结果表明，轴向模量沿半径变化的梯度结构对减小压力容器的变形差和边缘效应具有明显的作用，并且随着梯度参数的增加，边缘效应的改善也随之增加。数值模拟采用有限元方法进行，结果与理论计算吻合良好。本文建立的数学模型和分析结果对提高纤维复合压力容器的性能具有重要意义。