Since the mid‐19th century, there have been concerns in England about suboptimal outcomes for care leavers. This paper draws on original data from case files of children who were admitted to the Children's Society between 1887 and 1894, and a contemporary study of outcomes for girls who had been brought up in Poor Law district schools, to explore the basis for these concerns. Widespread destitution in the community meant that many children in care were better fed, clothed and educated than their contemporaries. However, those who left the Poor Law schools were singularly ill prepared for independence, and the much vaunted training offered by the voluntary societies did not prepare children to enter occupations that would provide stable or well‐paid employment. Emerging understanding of the needs of care leavers for continuing support and protection was translated into policies and practices that continue to be relevant a hundred years later. However, factors that shaped the experiences of 19th century care leavers, such as short‐term financial considerations which led to compressed and accelerated transitions, and the principle of less eligibility, still tend to conflict with attempts to ensure that their needs are adequately met today.

中文翻译：

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19世纪后期英国从照护过渡到成年

自19世纪中叶以来，英格兰一直对护理人员的次优结果感到担忧。本文利用1887年至1894年间被儿童协会录取的儿童案例档案中的原始数据，以及对在贫困法地区学校长大的女孩的结局进行当代研究，以探讨这些关注的基础。社区中广泛的贫困状况意味着，许多照料儿童的喂养，衣着和教育程度均高于同期的儿童。但是，那些离开贫困法学院的人为获得独立做好了特别的准备，而自愿社团提供的大量自负的培训并没有使孩子们准备从事能够提供稳定或高薪工作的职业。对离职者对持续支持和保护的需求的新兴理解被转化为一百年后仍然有意义的政策和实践。但是，塑造19世纪护理人员经历的因素，例如导致紧缩和加速过渡的短期财务考虑以及资格较低的原则，仍然倾向于与确保今天充分满足其需求的尝试相冲突。 。