A global warming episode in the Late Cretaceous, the Latest Maastrichtian Warming Event (LMWE), has been commonly linked to both the onset of massive Deccan Trap volcanism and the start of a planktic foraminiferal mass extinction prior to the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary (KPB). The mechanisms that drove the LMWE are still under discussion, but radiometric dating of the onset of the main phase of the Deccan volcanism supports a temporal coincidence and permits a potential mechanistic link. Here we evaluate the planktic foraminiferal record, carbonate content and stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in the Caravaca section, in order to characterize paleoenvironmental change related to the LMWE. We identified negative δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O excursions in bulk carbonate from 66.35 to 66.14 Ma, i.e. ~310 to ~100 kyr before the KPB, which can be stratigraphically correlated to the LMWE and a major pulse of Deccan Traps volcanism. Within this warm interval, we identified high values in the fragmentation index of planktic foraminiferal tests, episodes of very high abundance of the low oxygen tolerant genus Heterohelix, a decrease of thermocline dwellers, dwarfing in Contusotruncana contusa tests, and an increase in the biserial morphotype of Pseudoguembelina hariaensis with elongated terminal chambers. However, the environmental disturbance during the LMWE did not cause changes in the planktic foraminiferal extinction rate. At Caravaca, the warming associated with LMWE was followed by a gradual cooling up to the KPB suggesting no extended interval of perturbed environments before the KPB extinction due to Deccan volcanism.

白垩纪晚期的全球变暖事件，即最近的马斯特里赫特变暖事件（LMWE），通常与大规模的Deccan Trap火山爆发和白垩纪/古近纪界线（KPB）之前的有孔虫大规模灭绝有关。 。推动LMWE的机制仍在讨论中，但是Deccan火山作用主要阶段开始的放射线测年支持了时间上的巧合，并允许了潜在的机理联系。在这里，我们评估了卡拉瓦卡剖面的板式有孔虫记录，碳酸盐含量以及稳定的碳和氧同位素，以表征与LMWE有关的古环境变化。我们确定了负δ ¹³ C和δ ¹⁸散装碳酸盐的O偏移为66.35至66.14 Ma，即KPB之前的〜310至〜100 kyr，这在地层上可能与LMWE和Deccan Traps火山作用的主要脉动有关。在这个温暖的时间间隔内，我们发现了有板有孔虫试验的碎片指数较高，耐氧性低的杂螺旋体的丰度很高，热跃层居民数量减少，Contusotruncana contusa试验的矮化以及双体形态型的增加，都具有很高的价值。的Pseudoguembelina hariaensis带有细长的端子腔。但是，LMWE期间的环境扰动并没有导致板式有孔虫的灭绝率发生变化。在卡拉瓦卡（Caravaca），伴随着LMWE的变暖，随后逐渐降温到KPB，这表明由于Deccan火山作用，在KPB灭绝之前，受干扰的环境没有延长的时间间隔。