Abstract

Variations in the electric field and atmospheric current in the surface atmosphere at middle latitudes during 58 strong magnetic storms that occurred from 2016 to 2019 are examined based on instrumental observations made by the Mikhnevo Geophysical Observatory of the Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics of Russian Academy of Sciences (MHV). It is shown that geomagnetic disturbances characterized by a station magnetic activity K-index exceeding five are accompanied by changes in the vertical component of the Earth’s electric field. It is found that the changes have different patterns: sometimes a bay-like increase/decrease in the electric field and sometimes a sign-alternating increase in the magnitude of the electric field. In general, the range of electric field variations varies from 5 to 580 V/m. At the same time, magnetic storm periods are characterized by greater atmospheric current variations the magnitude of which goes up to 80 pA/m². The findings presented enrich the database on these phenomena and may be useful in improving existing models of interaction and transformation of geophysical fields as well as in developing new ones.

中文翻译：

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电磁风暴期间地面大气电学特征的变化

摘要

根据俄罗斯科学院萨多夫斯基地球大气动力学研究所Mikhnevo地球物理天文台的仪器观测结果，研究了2016年至2019年发生的58次强磁暴期间，中纬度地表大气中电场和大气电流的变化（MHV）。结果表明，地磁扰动的特征是台站磁活动K-指数超过5时会伴随着地球电场垂直分量的变化。发现变化具有不同的模式：电场中的间隔有时呈海湾状的增加/减少，而电场强度的出现有时呈符号交替的增加。通常，电场变化范围为5至580 V / m。同时，磁暴周期的特征是更大的大气电流变化，其幅度高达80 pA / m ²。提出的发现丰富了有关这些现象的数据库，可能对改进现有的地球物理场的相互作用和转换模型以及开发新模型有用。