Protein phosphatase 1H (PPM1H) is the metal-dependent protein phosphatase, however, its role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression remains controversial. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common histological type of lung cancer but the expression and clinical significance of PPM1H in NSCLC is unknown. In our study, we detected the mRNA of PPM1H in 25 pairs of NSCLC tissues and their corresponding adjacent tissues with qRT-PCR. Moreover, we investigated PPM1H expression in 474 NSCLC tissues and divided them into subgroups with low and high PPM1H. We further evaluated its correlation with the clinicopathological factors. The correlation between PPM1H and other biomarkers involved in tumor progression including chromosome segregation 1-like protein (CSE1L), p53, and Ki67 was also estimated. In addition, the prognostic significance of PPM1H was investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. The mRNA levels of PPM1H in NSCLCs were significantly higher than those in tumor-adjacent tissues. Patients with low and high PPM1H expression accounted for 54.64% (259/474) and 45.36% (215/474) respectively in all the NSCLCs. PPM1H expression (P = 0.012), patients' sex (P = 0.009), tumor size (P < 0.001), histological grade (P = 0.026), T stage (P = 0.002), N stage (P < 0.001), M stage (P = 0.011), and TNM stage (P < 0.001) were all associated with the poor prognosis. With multivariate analysis, PPM1H was determined as an independent prognostic factor of NSCLC (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.14-1.75, P = 0.001). Moreover, high PPM1H was significantly with high Ki67 (P = 0.022), indicating the oncogenic role of PPM1H. PPM1H is an independent prognostic factor indicating an unfavorable prognosis of NSCLC. Our results indicated that PPM1H was an important supplement of NSCLC molecular profile and detecting PPM1H may help recognize the high-risk patients for further treatment.

中文翻译：

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PPM1H 是非小细胞肺癌的独立预后生物标志物。

蛋白磷酸酶1H（PPM1H）是金属依赖性蛋白磷酸酶，但其在肿瘤发生和肿瘤进展中的作用仍存在争议。非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 是最常见的肺癌组织学类型，但 PPM1H 在 NSCLC 中的表达和临床意义尚不清楚。在我们的研究中，我们通过 qRT-PCR 检测了 25 对 NSCLC 组织及其相应的邻近组织中 PPM1H 的 mRNA。此外，我们研究了 474 个 NSCLC 组织中 PPM1H 的表达，并将它们分为 PPM1H 低和高的亚组。我们进一步评估了其与临床病理因素的相关性。还估计了 PPM1H 与其他参与肿瘤进展的生物标志物之间的相关性，包括染色体分离 1 样蛋白 (CSE1L)、p53 和 Ki67。此外，通过单变量和多变量分析研究了 PPM1H 的预后意义。NSCLC中PPM1H的mRNA水平显着高于肿瘤邻近组织中的水平。在所有非小细胞肺癌中，PPM1H低表达和高表达的患者分别占54.64%（259/474）和45.36%（215/474）。PPM1H 表达 (P = 0.012)、患者性别 (P = 0.009)、肿瘤大小 (P < 0.001)、组织学分级 (P = 0.026)、T 分期 (P = 0.002)、N 分期 (P < 0.001)、M分期（P = 0.011）和TNM分期（P < 0.001）均与预后不良有关。通过多变量分析，PPM1H被确定为NSCLC的独立预后因素（HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.14-1.75, P = 0.001）。此外，高 PPM1H 与高 Ki67 显着相关（P = 0.022），表明 PPM1H 的致癌作用。PPM1H 是一个独立的预后因素，表明 NSCLC 的预后不良。我们的研究结果表明，PPM1H 是 NSCLC 分子谱的重要补充，检测 PPM1H 可能有助于识别高危患者进行进一步治疗。