The UK Biobank (UKB) is a highly promising dataset for brain biomarker research into population mental health due to its unprecedented sample size and extensive phenotypic, imaging, and biological measurements. In this study, we aimed to provide a shared foundation for UKB neuroimaging research into mental health with a focus on anxiety and depression. We compared UKB self-report measures and revealed important timing effects between scan acquisition and separate online acquisition of some mental health measures. To overcome these timing effects, we introduced and validated the Recent Depressive Symptoms (RDS-4) score which we recommend for state-dependent and longitudinal research in the UKB. We furthermore tested univariate and multivariate associations between brain imaging derived phenotypes (IDPs) and mental health. Our results showed a significant multivariate relationship between IDPs and mental health, which was replicable. Conversely, effect sizes for individual IDPs were small. Test-retest reliability of IDPs was stronger for measures of brain structure than for measures of brain function. Taken together, these results provide benchmarks and guidelines for future UKB research into brain biomarkers of mental health.

中文翻译：

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英国生物银行的心理健康：自我报告措施和神经影像学相关的路线图

由于其前所未有的样本量和广泛的表型、成像和生物测量，英国生物银行 (UKB) 是一个非常有前途的数据集，用于研究人口心理健康的大脑生物标志物。在这项研究中，我们旨在为 UKB 神经影像学研究提供一个共同的基础，即专注于焦虑和抑郁的心理健康。我们比较了 UKB 自我报告的措施，并揭示了扫描获取和一些心理健康措施的单独在线获取之间的重要时间效应。为了克服这些时间效应，我们引入并验证了近期抑郁症状 (RDS-4) 评分，我们推荐该评分用于 UKB 的状态相关和纵向研究。我们还测试了脑成像衍生表型 (IDP) 与心理健康之间的单变量和多变量关联。我们的研究结果表明，国内流离失所者与心理健康之间存在显着的多变量关系，这种关系是可复制的。相反，个别国内流离失所者的影响规模很小。IDP 的重测信度对于大脑结构的测量比对于大脑功能的测量更强。总之，这些结果为 UKB 未来对心理健康大脑生物标志物的研究提供了基准和指南。