Purpose of Review

The use of algae for remediation of toxic pollutants seems to be promising since they also provide some advantages such as the production of valuable products and their capability to capture CO₂ during the photosynthesis, which potentially decrease greenhouse gas emission. This paper reviews the evidence for highlighting the effectiveness of the use of living or non-living algal cells for treating polluted waters.

Recent Findings

Removal efficiency and sorption capacity of algal non-living cells are higher than in living cells because of cell membrane disruption (leading to enhancement of intracellular pollutants binding) and the improvement of specific surface area. For the kinetic and isotherm modeling, there is no single powerful model for a wide range of pollutants and type of algae, indicating that the mechanism is quite specific depending on the type of algae, type of pollutants, and environmental conditions. The removal mechanism of pollutants by living and non-living algae can be considered as an exothermic reaction and physical sorption from many published reports.

Summary

The use of non-living cells was more effective compared to living cells for a wide range of pollutants since the non-living cells performed better removal efficiency and sorption capacity as well as easy to handle. This review is useful to pave a good strategy for designing a greener technology for future environmental pollutants remediation particularly within the domain of algal-based technology.

中文翻译：

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藻类细胞对水污染控制的影响

审查目的

由于藻类还具有一些优势，例如有价值的产品的生产以及它们在光合作用过程中捕获CO ₂的能力，因此潜在地减少了温室气体的排放，使用藻类来补救有毒污染物似乎是有前途的。本文回顾了突出强调使用活的或非活的藻类细胞处理污水的有效性的证据。

最近的发现

由于细胞膜破裂（导致细胞内污染物结合增强）和比表面积的改善，藻类非生命细胞的去除效率和吸附能力高于活细胞。对于动力学和等温线建模，没有一个针对各种污染物和藻类类型的强大模型，这表明该机理非常具体，具体取决于藻类类型，污染物类型和环境条件。许多已发表的报告认为，通过活藻和非活藻去除污染物的机制是放热反应和物理吸附。

概括

与无生命细胞相比，对于多种污染物，无生命细胞的使用更为有效，因为无生命细胞的清除效率和吸附能力更高，并且易于处理。这篇综述对于为将来的环境污染物修复设计更绿色的技术，特别是在基于藻类的技术领域中，奠定良好的战略铺平了道路。