A large volume of work has been carried out in recent years to assess the effects of individual hazards on urban areas. However, due to its complexity, assessing the probable cumulative impacts of multiple hazards has not yet entered the mainstream of research and urban management practice, particularly in the specific case of the Historic Urban Areas. This paper aims at contributing to paving the way towards the establishment of future multi-hazard vulnerability and risk assessment methodologies for Historic Urban Areas by offering a comprehensive review of some of the most relevant methodologies proposed to date in this research area. Justified by their relevance in the Historic Urban Areas’ scope, this review focuses specifically on seismic, flood, and fire assessment methodologies, with particular emphasis on those potentially suitable to be interfaced in multi-hazard approaches. The relevance of considering and managing the impacts of each one of these hazards, the review of the most relevant assessment methodologies, and the identification of the leading indicators considered by the different approaches constitute the core of this work. Finally, some relevant examples of the development and use of multi-hazard vulnerability and risk analysis in historic urban areas are also provided and discussed.

近年来，已经进行了大量的工作来评估个人危害对城市地区的影响。然而，由于其复杂性，评估多种灾害可能造成的累积影响尚未进入研究和城市管理实践的主流，特别是在历史悠久的市区地区。本文旨在通过对本研究领域迄今为止提出的一些最相关方法进行全面回顾，为为历史悠久的城市地区建立未来的多灾种脆弱性和风险评估方法铺平道路。鉴于其与历史城区的关联性是合理的，此评论特别关注地震，洪水和火灾评估方法，特别强调那些可能适合在多灾种方法中使用的接口。审议和管理这些危害中的每一种的影响的相关性，最相关的评估方法的审查以及不同方法所考虑的主要指标的识别是这项工作的核心。最后，还提供并讨论了在历史悠久的城市地区开发和使用多灾种脆弱性和风险分析的一些相关实例。