Redondoviridae is a family of DNA viruses recently identified in the human oro-respiratory tract. However, the characteristics of this new virus family are not yet fully understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between redondoviruses and chronic periodontitis. In addition, the complete circular genome, phylogenetic relationship, and biological characteristics of novel redondoviruses were analyzed. The gingival tissues of healthy individuals (n = 120) and periodontitis patients (n = 120) were analyzed using nested polymerase chain reaction assays. The prevalence of redondovirus infection in the periodontitis group was 71.67%. Logistic regression analysis revealed an association between redondoviruses and chronic periodontitis after controlling the confounding factors (odds ratio = 2.53). Five novel redondoviruses, named ‘human periodontal circular-like virus (HPeCV)’, were identified in patients with periodontitis and detailed genetic analysis of the viruses was performed. The 3,035–3,056 bp genome contained a capsid protein, a replication-associated protein, an open reading frame 3 protein, and a stem-loop structure. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that HPeCV-1, HPeCV-10, and HPeCV-25 formed a cluster. Recombination may be common in the genomes of HPeCVs. Potential antigenic epitopes in the capsid protein, which may be involved in the host immune response, were predicted. In conclusion, periodontitis patients had a significantly higher prevalence of redondoviruses than healthy controls. Genetic characterization enhanced the current understanding of the genetic diversity and pathogenicity of redondoviruses as well as their association with periodontitis in humans. The data presented in this article will expand the current understanding of the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and pathogenicity of redondoviruses.

中文翻译：

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雷东多病毒科和牙周炎：病例对照研究和牙周组织中五种新型雷东多病毒的鉴定

雷东多病毒科是最近在人类口腔呼吸道中发现的一个 DNA 病毒家族。然而，这个新病毒家族的特征还没有完全清楚。本研究的目的是调查雷东多病毒与慢性牙周炎之间的关系。此外，还分析了新型雷东多病毒的完整环状基因组、系统发育关系和生物学特征。使用嵌套聚合酶链反应测定法分析健康个体 (n = 120) 和牙周炎患者 (n = 120) 的牙龈组织。牙周炎组雷东多病毒感染率为71.67%。逻辑回归分析显示，在控制混杂因素后，redondoviruses 与慢性牙周炎之间存在关联（优势比 = 2.53）。五种新的雷东多病毒，在牙周炎患者中鉴定出名为“人类牙周环状病毒（HPeCV）”，并对病毒进行了详细的遗传分析。3,035–3,056 bp 基因组包含衣壳蛋白、复制相关蛋白、开放阅读框 3 蛋白和茎环结构。系统发育分析表明，HPeCV-1、HPeCV-10 和 HPeCV-25 形成了一个簇。重组在 HPeCV 的基因组中可能很常见。预测了可能参与宿主免疫反应的衣壳蛋白中的潜在抗原表位。总之，牙周炎患者的雷东多病毒感染率显着高于健康对照组。遗传特征增强了目前对雷东多病毒的遗传多样性和致病性以及它们与人类牙周炎的关系的理解。本文提供的数据将扩展当前对雷东多病毒的流行病学、遗传多样性和致病性的理解。