Myelin-reactive immune cell attack in multiple sclerosis (MS) causes inflammatory demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in an array of neurological complications, which may result in permanent disability (1). The first episode of neurological symptoms is termed “clinically isolated syndrome” (CIS). Arresting disease pathogenesis during CIS is crucial to prevent progression to MS. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that favor conversion of CIS to MS is essential for timely prevention of CNS autoimmunity leading to neurodegeneration and permanent disability. In PNAS, Manouchehri et al. identify a dendritic cell subset that is crucial for initiating neuroinflammation and may be an important clinical target during conversion from CIS to clinically definite MS (2).

中文翻译：

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CD317 阻止树突状细胞向中枢神经系统转运 [免疫学和炎症]

多发性硬化症 (MS) 中的髓鞘反应性免疫细胞攻击会导致中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中的炎性脱髓鞘病变，导致一系列神经系统并发症，从而可能导致永久性残疾 ( 1 )。神经系统症状的第一次发作被称为“临床孤立综合征”（CIS）。在 CIS 期间阻止疾病的发病机制对于防止进展为 MS 至关重要。了解有利于 CIS 转化为 MS 的细胞和分子机制对于及时预防导致神经变性和永久性残疾的 CNS 自身免疫至关重要。在 PNAS 中，Manouchehri 等人。确定对启动神经炎症至关重要的树突细胞亚群，并且可能是从 CIS 转变为临床明确 MS 的重要临床目标。2）。