This article briefly outlines the agrifood market and policy situation in the United States after 1 year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Agrifood markets suffered initial disruptions from both supply-side and demand-side shocks but significant adjustments by farmers, processors, distributors, and government kept these relatively shorty-lived. Substantial support has been provided to farmers as part of $5 trillion of economy-wide stimulus enacted. This included payments in 2020 under the Coronavirus Food Assistance Program (CFAP) of nearly $24 billion to producers of a wide array of products. These payments came on top of trade-related support provided to agriculture in 2018 and 2019. The stimulus also included expansion of nutrition assistance programs for low-income households which were among the hardest hit by the pandemic. I conjecture that the pandemic will influence planning and social policy across the US economy for years to come but will not shift the basic structure of US agricultural production and distribution. Counter-cyclical farm policy is reentrenched within the political arena and expectations for support levels may have been raised.

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COVID-19 大流行一年后美国的农产品市场和支持

本文简要概述了 COVID-19 大流行一年后美国的农产品市场和政策形势。农产品市场最初受到供应方和需求方冲击的影响，但农民、加工商、分销商和政府的重大调整使这些影响相对短暂。作为已颁布的 5 万亿美元经济刺激计划的一部分，已向农民提供了大量支持。这包括 2020 年根据冠状病毒食品援助计划 (CFAP) 向各种产品的生产商支付近 240 亿美元的款项。这些付款是在 2018 年和 2019 年为农业提供的贸易相关支持的基础上提供的。刺激措施还包括扩大对受大流行打击最严重的低收入家庭的营养援助计划。我推测，大流行将影响未来几年整个美国经济的规划和社会政策，但不会改变美国农业生产和分配的基本结构。反周期农业政策在政治舞台上重新站稳脚跟，对支持水平的期望可能已经提高。