Nanoengineered iron oxide-based sorbents for separation of various water pollutants: current status, opportunities and future outlook,Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology

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Nanoengineered iron oxide-based sorbents for separation of various water pollutants: current status, opportunities and future outlook
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-3-15 , DOI: 10.1039/d1ew00108f
Rakesh K. Sharma ₁ , Kanika Solanki ₁ , Ranjana Dixit ₁ , Shivani Sharma ₁ , Sriparna Dutta ₁

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Deterioration of surface and ground water quality as a result of massive growth of population, industrialization and other anthropogenic activities has become an issue of serious concern across the globe, threatening the entire biosphere. Recently, adsorption technologies utilizing nano-engineered architectures have garnered the attention of the scientific community as a promising treatment methodology as they provide leapfrogging opportunities to develop next-generation sorbents with lower energy consumption and facile operation conditions. Within this context, iron oxide-based magnetic nanoscavengers have shown exuberant potential to remove noxious pollutants from hydrological systems due to their high removal efficiency, faster kinetics, low cost, easy accessibility, design flexibility and ability to regenerate the adsorbent. The present review article provides a one-stop-reference for researchers working worldwide in separation science as it encompasses all the literature reports on precisely engineered iron oxide-based nanoadsorbents which are exploited in sequestering organic, inorganic and biological toxic substances from different effluents. Besides, light has also been shed on several crucial factors influencing the sorption efficacy of the adsorbent that not only include applied conditions such as pH, concentration, etc. but also focus on the stability of designed materials and their affinity towards the concerned analyte. This article also outlines the concepts and terminologies associated with the solid phase extraction technique along with a brief discussion of synthetic and functionalization strategies to tailor the selectivity of the developed nanoscaled material towards a specific pollutant. Further, the review also attempts to present critical analysis of sorption efficacies of reported hybrid nanocomposites in detoxification of contaminated water streams that would be highly beneficial for the readers from the viewpoint of selecting a suitable sorbent. On a conclusive note, potential roadmaps are discussed to design future generation nanoscavengers that would possess key attributes for sustainable development, ultimately contributing to conserving our ecosystem and offering attractive prospects of being commercially viable.

中文翻译：

纳米工程氧化铁基吸附剂，用于分离各种水污染物：现状，机遇和未来展望

由于人口的大量增长，工业化和其他人为活动造成的地表水和地下水水质恶化已成为全球范围内严重关注的问题，威胁到整个生物圈。最近，利用纳米工程架构的吸附技术作为一种有前途的处理方法已引起了科学界的关注，因为它们为开发具有较低能耗和便捷操作条件的下一代吸附剂提供了跨越式的机会。在此背景下，基于氧化铁的磁性纳米清除剂由于其去除效率高，动力学快，成本低，易于获取，设计灵活性和再生吸附剂的能力而显示出从水文系统中去除有害污染物的巨大潜力。本综述文章为全世界从事分离科学的研究人员提供了一站式参考，因为它涵盖了有关精确设计的基于氧化铁的纳米吸附剂的所有文献报告，这些吸附剂用于隔离来自不同流出物的有机，无机和生物有毒物质。此外，还揭示了影响吸附剂吸附效率的几个关键因素，这些因素不仅包括所施加的条件，例如pH，浓度，等等。但也要关注设计材料的稳定性及其对相关分析物的亲和力。本文还概述了与固相萃取技术相关的概念和术语，并简要讨论了合成和功能化策略，以调整已开发的纳米级材料对特定污染物的选择性。此外，该综述还试图提出对所报告的杂化纳米复合材料在对受污染的水流进行解毒中的吸附效率的批判性分析，从选择合适的吸附剂的角度出发，这对于读者而言将是非常有益的。最后，我们讨论了潜在的路线图，以设计下一代纳米清除剂，这些清除剂将具有可持续发展的关键属性，

更新日期：2021-04-13

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