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Inflorescence development, thermogenesis and flower-visiting insect activity in Alocasia odora
Flora ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2021.151818
Fuhua Bian , Yan Luo , Lixia Li , Yujuan Pang , Yanqiong Peng

Floral thermogenesis is a well-documented physiological process. However, floret (or inflorescence) development, thermogenesis and pollinator activity is rarely studied in association. In this study, the relationship between blooming, floral temperature and insect activity in Alocasia odora were observed. Based on the phenotypic characteristics of spathes and development of florets, four stages of blooming were categorized in A. odora: stage I (spathe closing), stage II (spathe unfolding, female florets receptive), stage III (male florets releasing pollen), and stage IV (spathe withering). Temperature analyses revealed that the appendix and male zone were the main thermogenic structures, but with different temporal patterns. The male zone showed a 3-day continuous episode of thermogenesis with three waves, to maintain an internal higher temperature, whereas the appendix showed a circadian rhythm of six cycles in 6 days with a duration of 6–7 h every day. Fruit flies were observed to mate, feed on the inflorescence, and enter the female zone to lay eggs when the spathe just opened at stage II. At the same time, the pollen that they carried from previous visits to another inflorescence was deposited on the stigma of female florets. The patterns of blooming and heating were closely tied to the activities of fruit flies. In particular, thermogenesis and behavior of flower-visiting insects were well synchronized and correlated during inflorescence development. Our results therefore suggest that floral thermogenesis plays an important role in successful reproduction.



中文翻译:

海芋的花序发育,生热和访花昆虫活性

花的生热是一个有据可查的生理过程。但是,鲜有相关的关于小花(或花序)发育,生热和授粉媒介活性的研究。本研究观察了海芋的开花,花温度与昆虫活性之间的关系。根据茎秆的表型特征和小花的发育,将香odor的开花分为四个阶段:第一阶段(关闭花the),第二阶段(展开花粉,接受雌性小花),第三阶段(雄性花粉释放花粉)和第四阶段(凋零)。温度分析表明,阑尾和雄性区是主要的产热结构,但具有不同的时间型。雄性区连续3天连续3天连续发生生热,以维持内部较高的温度,而附录显示6天中有6个周期的昼夜节律,每天持续6-7 h。观察到果蝇交配,以花序为食,并在第二阶段刚打开水the时进入雌性区域产卵。同时,他们从以前的探视带到另一个花序的花粉被沉积在雌小花的柱头上。开花和加热的方式与果蝇的活动密切相关。特别是,访花昆虫的生热和行为在花序发育过程中很好地同步并相关。因此,我们的结果表明,花的生热作用在成功繁殖中起着重要作用。

更新日期:2021-04-24
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