It is commonly believed that radioactive pollution originates mainly from anthropogenic activities, yet studies have revealed that naturally occurring radioactive materials account for over 80% of human exposure to ionizing radiation. In particular, reports suggest that severe health risks are associated with exposure to elevated concentrations of radioactive materials such as potassium ⁴⁰K, uranium ²³⁸U and ²³⁵U, and thorium ²³²Th. Few reviews address the occurrence, risk assessment, and potential remediation strategies of radioactive pollution in Nigerian environments. In waters, concentration as high as 2.42 ± 0.28 Bq/L has been reported in rivers, which is much higher than the radionuclide permissible level of 1 Bq/L. In soils, activity concentrations of gamma-emitting radioactive materials are higher than the worldwide average crustal values. In air, the absorbed dose rates are also often higher, of 86.44 nGy hr⁻¹, than acceptable limits of 60 nGy hr⁻¹. The level of radionuclides is indicative of the type and mineral composition of the parent rocks. Advances in remediation technologies suggest that electroremediation, bioremediation, and adsorption are the most efficient approaches for decontamination.

通常认为放射性污染主要来自人为活动，但研究表明，天然存在的放射性物质占人类暴露于电离辐射的80％以上。特别地，报告表明，严重的健康风险与暴露于升高的浓度的放射性材料如钾的⁴⁰ K，铀²³⁸ U和²³⁵ U，和钍²³²。很少有评论谈到尼日利亚环境中放射性污染的发生，风险评估和潜在的补救策略。在水域中，据报河流中的浓度高达2.42±0.28 Bq / L，远高于放射性核素的允许水平1 Bq / L。在土壤中，发射伽玛射线的放射性物质的活度浓度高于全球平均地壳值。在空气中，吸收剂量率也常常较高，86.44 NGY小时^-1，比可接受的60 NGY hr的限制^-1。放射性核素的水平指示了母岩的类型和矿物组成。修复技术的进步表明，电修复，生物修复和吸附是最有效的净化方法。