Interviewing is a frequently deployed data collection method in grounded theory research. Theoretical sampling is a core feature of the grounded theory method. Theoretical sampling is commonly understood as a means for sampling participants with a set of theoretical considerations in mind. However, theoretical sampling also occurs in the actual data generating process, for example through interviewing. Here, we illustrate how interviewing can be used as a vehicle for theoretical sampling. We discuss how to set up an interview study for it to be amenable to theoretical sampling. We show how interviewing and theoretical sampling align as the study proceeds and how interviewing in grounded theory can steer the course for theoretical sampling. We demonstrate how co-construction of data in grounded theory interviewing fuels theoretical sampling. Finally, we show that proceeding with questions for the purpose of theoretical sampling requires reflexivity and flexibility on the part of the researcher. We conclude that generating and analyzing data through the course of interviewing allows the researcher to probe into, expand on, and saturate key concepts and categories which collectively steer the inquiry and subsequent sampling. In the absence of theoretical sampling, it is not possible to grasp the basis for modifying interview questions or to decipher what or how questions should be asked, and for what purpose.

面试是扎根理论研究中经常使用的数据收集方法。理论抽样是扎根理论方法的核心特征。理论抽样通常被理解为一种从参与者的角度考虑一系列理论考量的手段。但是，理论采样也发生在实际数据生成过程中，例如通过采访。在这里，我们说明了面试如何可以用作理论抽样的工具。我们讨论如何建立一个适合理论抽样的访谈研究。我们展示了访谈与理论抽样在研究过程中如何保持一致，以及扎根理论中的访谈如何引导理论抽样的过程。我们展示了扎根理论面试中数据的共建如何促进理论抽样。最后，我们表明，出于理论抽样的目的而进行问题的研究，需要研究人员具有反省性和灵活性。我们得出结论，通过面试过程生成和分析数据使研究人员能够探究，扩展和饱和关键概念和类别，从而共同引导调查和后续抽样。在没有理论抽样的情况下，不可能掌握修改面试问题的基础，也无法理解应问什么或如何问问题以及目的是什么。并充实了关键概念和类别，这些概念和类别共同引导了查询和后续采样。在没有理论抽样的情况下，不可能掌握修改面试问题的基础，也无法理解应问什么或如何问问题以及目的是什么。并充实了关键概念和类别，这些概念和类别共同引导了查询和后续采样。在没有理论抽样的情况下，不可能掌握修改面试问题的基础，也无法理解应问什么或如何问问题以及目的是什么。