Taking advantage of Denis Noble’s description, in “The Illusions of the Modern Synthesis” of the first illusion, related to the concept of natural selection itself, I will further strengthen the criticism by adding three groups of considerations mainly concerning human cognition: 1) how semiotic brains build cognitive niches; 2) the role of abduction – and in particular of manipulative abduction – in building a semiotic artificial world; 3) the biosemiotics of the so-called disembodiment of the mind. Human semiotic brains are engaged in a continuous process of delegation and distribution of cognitive functions to the environment to lessen cognitive limitations, also and especially taking advantage of what I have called “manipulative abduction”. These design semiotic activities are closely related to the process of cognitive niche construction, which should be regarded as the second major participant, after natural selection, in evolution. An important effect of this semiotic brain activity is a continuous process of disembodiment of the mind that exhibits a new cognitive perspective on the mechanisms underlying the semiotic emergence of meaning processes.

利用丹尼斯·诺布尔（Denis Noble）在第一种幻觉的“现代综合幻象”中与自然选择本身有关的描述，我将通过增加三组主要与人类认知有关的考虑来进一步加强批评：1）如何符号大脑建立认知能力；2）绑架，特别是操纵绑架，在建立符号学人造世界中的作用；3）所谓的精神失范的生物符号学。人类符号大脑正参与将认知功能委派和分配给环境的连续过程，以减少认知限制，并且尤其是利用我所谓的“操纵绑架”。这些设计符号活动与以下过程密切相关：认知生态位建设，应该被认为是自然选择之后进化中的第二大参与者。这种符号学大脑活动的重要作用是一个连续的心理分解过程，对意义过程的符号学出现的机制展现出新的认知观点。