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Water-use efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions of rice affected by water saving and nitrogen reduction
Agronomy Journal ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-13 , DOI: 10.1002/agj2.20672
Hong Shi 1, 2 , Shuo Cai 2 , Zhanxue Sun 1 , Yuanzhi Shi 3
Affiliation  

We investigated the effects of reduced irrigation and N application, using green manure and rice straw, on the water-use efficiency (WUE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of machine-transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) to provide theoretical and technical guidance for water and N management in double-cropping rice. Field trials were conducted from 2014 to 2016 using two irrigation methods (flood irrigation, W0; intermittent irrigation, W1) and three N application methods (no nitrogen application, N0; chemical nitrogen constant application, N1; chemical nitrogen reduction combined with green fertilizer and straw, N2). Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, water consumption, and grain yield were compared for the different treatment measures. Under the same N fertilizer management, intermittent irrigation reduced cumulative emissions of CH4 of early and late season rice by 14.54–37.37% and 16.70–52.25%, respectively, whereas N2O emissions increased by 12.50–35.29% and 23.08–34.09%, compared with flood irrigation. Under identical irrigation conditions, the cumulative CH4 and N2O emissions of early and late rice were N2 > N1 > N0. Compared to W0N1 treatment, W1N2 decreased the annual average water consumption by 4.40 and 5.53% for early and late rice, whereas yield and WUE increased by 4.27 and 3.98% and 9.54 and 9.71%, respectively. In addition, the annual global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity of double-cropped rice increased by 47.62 and 41.77%, respectively. The incorporation of green manure and rice straw with reduced N fertilizer application using intermittent irrigation in double rice cropping systems reduced water consumption and increased grain yield but also increased GHG emissions.

中文翻译:

节水减氮对水稻水分利用效率和温室气体排放的影响

我们研究了使用绿肥和稻草减少灌溉和施氮对机插水稻 ( Oryza sativa L.) 的水分利用效率 (WUE) 和温室气体 (GHG) 排放的影响,以提供理论和技术双季稻水氮管理指导意见. 2014-2016年进行了田间试验,采用两种灌溉方式(漫灌,W0;间歇灌溉,W1)和三种施氮方式(不施氮,N0;化学施氮,N1;化学减氮结合绿肥和稻草,N2)。甲烷 (CH 4 ) 和一氧化二氮 (N 2O) 对不同处理措施的排放量、耗水量和粮食产量进行了比较。在相同的氮肥管理下,间歇灌溉使早稻和晚稻CH 4累积排放量分别减少14.54-37.37%和16.70-52.25%,而N 2 O排放量分别增加12.50-35.29%和23.08-34.09% ,与大水灌溉相比。在相同的灌溉条件下,累积的 CH 4和 N 2早稻和晚稻的O排放为N2 > N1 > N0。与W0N1处理相比,W1N2使早稻和晚稻年均耗水量减少4.40%和5.53%,而产量和WUE分别增加4.27和3.98%和9.54和9.71%。此外,双季稻年全球变暖潜势和温室气体强度分别增加了47.62%和41.77%。在双季稻种植系统中使用间歇灌溉将绿肥和稻草与减少氮肥施用的结合减少了用水量并增加了粮食产量,但也增加了温室气体排放。
更新日期:2021-04-13
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