Many studies have documented the role of self-regulation in predicting academic outcomes. However, fewer have comprehensively measured self-regulation or considered it simultaneously with contextual variables to test formally the often-advanced “risk-buffering” hypothesis, wherein self-regulatory skill protects against contextual risk factors. In a large, regionally representative sample of U.S. adolescents, we linked self-reported demographics, self-regulation, and academic outcomes to Census data assessing neighborhood context and administrative data measuring economic disadvantage and achievement levels on state end-of-grade tests. We find inconsistent evidence for a risk-buffering role of self-regulation in the prediction of academic outcomes. Rather, we demonstrate that self-regulation is independently associated with academic outcomes, even when controlling for demographics and context.

许多研究记录了自我调节在预测学业成绩中的作用。然而，很少有人全面测量自我调节或将其与情境变量同时考虑，以正式测试经常先进的“风险缓冲”假设，其中自我调节技能可以防止情境风险因素。在一个具有区域代表性的大型美国青少年样本中，我们将自我报告的人口统计数据、自我调节和学业成绩与评估邻里环境的人口普查数据和衡量经济劣势和州级末考试成绩水平的行政数据联系起来。我们发现自我调节在预测学业成果中的风险缓冲作用的证据不一致。相反，我们证明自我调节与学业成绩独立相关，