This article presents a case study of how regional and municipal governments in Toronto, Ontario, use the concept of resilience to frame the challenges faced by immigrants and the steps governments are taking to promote immigrant integration. In the past decade, resilience has emerged as a policy framework to encourage positive adaptation of people and institutions that are facing social, economic and environmental challenges associated with population growth and economic globalisation. As a policy discourse, the concept of resilience is used to identify which immigrants need social and psychological support to better cope with pre- and post-migration stressors. Although government discourse acknowledges some of the structural inequities migrants face that require resilience (e.g. poverty, systemic racism, precarious employment), the discourse on migrant resilience notably omits government responsibility to enact structural solutions. Even the City of Toronto’s anti-racism campaign, which seeks to reduce racial bias and discrimination against immigrants, frames ‘civic resilience’ as an individual responsibility. Despite the promise of resilience to emphasise immigrants’ capabilities, we argue that resilience discourse operates as a type of diversity management strategy to identify which immigrants warrant government support to maximise their economic contributions to the region.

中文翻译：

---

将移民复原力视为公民责任：安大略省多伦多市和省级移民融合政策的案例研究

本文介绍了安大略省多伦多地区和市政府如何使用弹性概念来界定移民面临的挑战以及政府为促进移民融合而采取的步骤的案例研究。在过去十年中，复原力已成为一种政策框架，以鼓励面临与人口增长和经济全球化相关的社会、经济和环境挑战的人们和机构的积极适应。作为一种政策话语，韧性的概念被用来确定哪些移民需要社会和心理支持，以更好地应对移民前后的压力源。尽管政府话语承认移民面临的一些结构性不平等需要复原力（例如贫困、系统性种族主义、不稳定的就业），关于移民复原力的论述明显忽略了政府制定结构性解决方案的责任。即使是多伦多市的反种族主义运动，旨在减少对移民的种族偏见和歧视，也将“公民复原力”视为个人责任。尽管弹性承诺强调移民的能力，但我们认为弹性话语作为一种多样性管理策略运作，以确定哪些移民需要政府支持，以最大限度地提高他们对该地区的经济贡献。