Hydroponic cultivation is a promising alternative that could address environmental and food issues. Hydroponic cultivation allows farmers to reduce the amount of fertilizers and water. Moreover, accurate monitoring of nutrient levels allows to optimize crop growth. For that, researchers have designed ion-selective electrodes as sensors and the internet of things for precise monitoring. Here we review the application of ion-selective electrodes in monitoring hydroponic solutions with focus on parameters, sensitivity, accuracy and the internet of things. We found that the targeted concentrations of nitrate and potassium are successfully maintained with errors of less than 10 mg L⁻¹ by using polyvinyl chloride membrane based on ion-selective electrodes. Calcium electrodes show less sensitivity in detection of calcium ions in hydroponic solutions. Regular calibration sequence solved the stability issue of ion-selective electrodes. Compared to carbon nanotube-based ion-selective electrodes, the best results for sensing nitrates were obtained with polyvinyl chloride ion-selective membranes.

水耕法是一种有前途的替代方法，可以解决环境和粮食问题。水耕法可使农民减少肥料和水的用量。此外，对营养水平的精确监控可以优化农作物的生长。为此，研究人员设计了离子选择电极作为传感器和用于精确监控的物联网。在这里，我们将重点介绍参数选择电极在监测水培解决方案中的应用，重点是参数，灵敏度，准确性和物联网。我们发现硝酸盐和钾的目标浓度得以成功维持，误差小于10 mg L ^-1通过使用基于离子选择电极的聚氯乙烯膜。钙电极对水培溶液中钙离子的检测灵敏度较低。定期的校准程序解决了离子选择电极的稳定性问题。与基于碳纳米管的离子选择电极相比，使用聚氯乙烯离子选择膜可获得最佳的硝酸盐感测结果。