ABSTRACT

Young people in residential out-of-home care often exhibit health and psychosocial challenges, which can emerge from childhood trauma. A body of research has examined the wellbeing of these young people; however, the ways in which interventions and practice models can improve the health and psychosocial wellbeing of young people in out-of-home care remains unclear. A systematic review was conducted to examine the effectiveness of interventions and practice models for improving health and psychosocial outcomes of young people in residential care and to identify relevant knowledge gaps. After a worldwide search, only four studies, from Australia (n = 2), USA (n = 1), and Canada (n = 1) were found. These studies evaluated Cognitive Behaviour Treatment, Healthy Eating Active Living, Power Through Choices and the Alternate Care Clinic. These studies aimed to improve numerous health and psychosocial outcomes including mental health, behaviour, obesity, pregnancy and sex. Despite limited evidence, the review suggests that contemporary interventions and practice models do have the potential to have positive impacts on the health and psychosocial outcomes of young people in residential care. Rigorous assessment of promising evidence-based interventions is urgently needed to advance best practice and improve outcomes.

IMPLICATIONS

• Therapeutic and psychosocial approaches have significant impacts on the health and psychosocial wellbeing of young people in residential out-of-home care.

• Interventions and practice models within residential out-of-home care should incorporate trauma-informed care and psychoeducation.

• Findings from this review may guide the design and implementation of interventions and practice models in out-of-home care as well highlighting knowledge gaps for future research in this field.

摘要

在家外护理的年轻人经常表现出健康和心理社会挑战，这些挑战可能来自童年创伤。一项研究调查了这些年轻人的福祉；然而，干预措施和实践模式如何改善户外护理中年轻人的健康和社会心理福祉仍不清楚。进行了一项系统审查，以检查干预措施和实践模式的有效性，以改善住宿护理中年轻人的健康和心理社会结果，并确定相关的知识差距。在全球范围内搜索后，只有四项研究，分别来自澳大利亚 ( n  = 2)、美国 ( n  = 1) 和加拿大 ( n = 1) 被发现。这些研究评估了认知行为治疗、健康饮食积极生活、通过选择的力量和替代护理诊所。这些研究旨在改善许多健康和社会心理结果，包括心理健康、行为、肥胖、怀孕和性。尽管证据有限，但审查表明，当代干预措施和实践模式确实有可能对寄宿照料中的年轻人的健康和心理社会结果产生积极影响。迫切需要对有前景的循证干预措施进行严格评估，以推进最佳实践并改善结果。

影响

• 治疗和社会心理方法对居家户外护理的年轻人的健康和社会心理福祉产生重大影响。

• 居家户外护理中的干预和实践模式应包括创伤知情护理和心理教育。

• 本综述的结果可以指导户外护理干预措施和实践模式的设计和实施，并突出该领域未来研究的知识差距。