Jacob’s Well, located in modern city of Nablus and ancient Shechem (Tall Balata) in the northern West Bank of Palestine, attracts modern day tourists and pilgrims. It is found in the eastern suburbs of the city. Since 333 AD, pilgrims have been writing accounts of the well, and it has been venerated by both Christian and Jewish communities throughout its history. It is believed to be the well referred to in the New Testament, where Jesus conversed with a Samaritan woman, the orthodox saint, Photini. It now forms the central feature in the crypt of the St Photini Greek Orthodox church in the walled grounds of a monastery. In order to gain more information on the chronology of the site, we analyzed human skeletal remains found at the site in 1997. These consist of three skulls and a femur. One of the skulls was found in a sarcophagus alongside the church and the two other skulls and a femur were found in a burial ground alongside the monastery, north of the church, over which a room has now been built. Radiocarbon analysis reveals that the remains date to four historical periods or events: the early Christian period, before structural additions to the well by Constantine the Great in the fourth century; the Samaritan Revolts (AD 529 and 556), the Sassanid Invasion (AD 614–628), and Abbasid rule (AD 750–1258). Dating of one skull suggests it may have been that of Germanus, a fourth century bishop of Nablus, and that there may have been a very early structure, shrine, or burial chamber at the site before the fourth century. We provide contextual information based on historical and contemporary literature.

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来自巴勒斯坦纳布卢斯雅各布井人类遗骸放射性碳测年的新年代学信息

雅各井位于现代城市纳布卢斯和巴勒斯坦西岸北部的古示赫姆（高巴拉塔），吸引了现代游客和朝圣者。它位于城市的东郊。自公元 333 年以来，朝圣者一直在记录这口井，在其历史上一直受到基督教和犹太社区的崇敬。它被认为是新约中提到的井，耶稣在那里与一位撒玛利亚妇女、正统的圣徒弗蒂尼交谈。它现在是修道院围墙内的圣佛蒂尼希腊东正教教堂地下室的中心特色。为了获得有关该遗址年代的更多信息，我们分析了 1997 年在该遗址发现的人类骨骼遗骸。这些遗骸由三个头骨和一个股骨组成。其中一个头骨是在教堂旁边的石棺中发现的，另外两个头骨和一根股骨是在教堂北部修道院旁边的墓地中发现的，现在已经在墓地上方建造了一个房间。放射性碳分析表明，这些遗骸可追溯到四个历史时期或事件：早期基督教时期，在四世纪君士坦丁大帝对井进行结构增建之前；撒玛利亚起义（公元 529 年和 556 年）、萨珊王朝入侵（公元 614-628 年）和阿拔斯王朝统治（公元 750-1258 年）。一个头骨的年代表明它可能是四世纪纳布卢斯主教日耳曼努斯的头骨，并且可能在四世纪之前在该地点有一个非常早期的结构、神殿或墓室。我们提供基于历史和当代文学的背景信息。