The world’s energy system is changing dramatically. Li-ion battery, as a powerful and highly effective energy storage technique, is crucial to the new energy revolution for its continuously expanding application in electric vehicles and grids. Over the entire lifetime of these power batteries, it is essential to monitor their state of health not only for the predicted mileage and safety management of the running electric vehicles, but also for an “end-of-life” evaluation for their repurpose. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been widely used to diagnose the health state of batteries quickly and nondestructively. In this review, we have outlined the working principles of several electrochemical impedance techniques and further evaluated their application prospects to achieve the goal of nondestructive testing of battery health. EIS can scientifically and reasonably perform real-time monitoring and evaluation of electric vehicle power batteries in the future and play an important role in vehicle safety and battery gradient utilization.

世界的能源系统正在发生巨大变化。锂离子电池作为一种强大而高效的能量存储技术，对于其在电动汽车和电网中的不断扩展应用，对于新能源革命至关重要。在这些动力电池的整个使用寿命中，不仅要对运行中的电动汽车的预期行驶里程和安全管理进行监测，还必须对其使用寿命进行评估，以对其进行再利用进行“使用寿命”评估。电化学阻抗谱（EIS）已被广泛用于快速，无损地诊断电池的健康状态。在这篇综述中，我们概述了几种电化学阻抗技术的工作原理，并进一步评估了它们的应用前景，以实现对电池健康状况进行无损检测的目标。