This paper analyzes the phenomenon of severe material deprivation (SMD) in relation to socio-economic characteristics of Italian and Spanish households. Italy and Spain have registered very different shares of severe material deprivation (households that cannot afford a minimum acceptable way of life, which is a social exclusion problem) since the 2008–2009 economic crisis, despite having similar experiences of poverty as measured in monetary terms. The analysis divides SMD into low-severe (basic or secondary or financial deprivations), medium-severe (when household suffer of two categories of deprivation) and acute-severe (when households suffer from all deprivations) and finds many interesting features associated with these categories. For example, temporary work does not shield a household from acute SMD, especially in the south of both countries, and maximum work intensity does not protect against financial distress in Italy and the Spanish South. These findings should stimulate policymakers, as local policies are needed to alleviate social exclusion.

本文分析了与意大利和西班牙家庭的社会经济特征相关的严重物质匮乏（SMD）现象。自2008-2009年经济危机以来，意大利和西班牙在严重物质剥夺（无法负担最低可接受生活方式的家庭，这是一种社会排斥问题）方面所占的比例截然不同，尽管以货币计量的贫困经历相似。分析将SMD分为低度严重（基本，中等或经济剥夺），中度严重（当家庭遭受两类剥夺时）和严重度（当家庭遭受所有剥夺时），并发现了许多与此相关的有趣特征类别。例如，临时工作并不能使家庭免受急性SMD的伤害，特别是在这两个国家的南部，最大的工作强度并不能避免意大利和西班牙南部的财务困境。这些发现应该刺激政策制定者，因为需要地方政策来减轻社会排斥。