Introduction. An easily accessible and inexpensive neurophysiological technique such as conventional electroencephalography may provide an accurate and generally applicable biomarker capable of differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease-associated dementia (PDD). Method. We carried out a retrospective visual analysis of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) recording of 22 patients with a clinical diagnosis of 19 probable and 3 possible DLB, 22 patients with probable AD and 21 with PDD, matched for age, duration, and severity of cognitive impairment. Results. By using the grand total EEG scoring method, the total score and generalized rhythmic delta activity frontally predominant (GRDAfp) alone or, even better, coupled with a slowing of frequency of background activity (FBA) and its reduced reactivity differentiated DLB from AD at an individual level with an high accuracy similar to that obtained with quantitative EEG (qEEG). GRDAfp alone could also differentiate DLB from PDD with a similar level of diagnostic accuracy. AD differed from PDD only for a slowing of FBA. The duration and severity of cognitive impairment did not differ between DLB patients with and without GRDAfp, indicating that this abnormal EEG pattern should not be regarded as a disease progression marker. Conclusions. The findings of this investigation revalorize the role of conventional EEG in the diagnostic workup of degenerative dementias suggesting the potential inclusion of GRDAfp alone or better coupled with the slowing of FBA and its reduced reactivity, in the list of supportive diagnostic biomarkers of DLB.

介绍。一种易于获取且价格低廉的神经生理学技术（例如常规脑电图）可以提供准确且普遍适用的生物标志物，能够区分路易体痴呆 (DLB) 与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和帕金森病相关痴呆 (PDD)。方法。我们对 22 名临床诊断为 19 名可能和 3 名可能 DLB、22 名可能 AD 和 21 名 PDD 患者的静息状态脑电图 (EEG) 记录进行了回顾性视觉分析，与年龄、持续时间和严重程度相匹配。认知障碍。结果。通过使用总 EEG 评分方法，单独的总分和广义节律性 Delta 活动正面（GRDAfp），或者甚至更好，加上背景活动频率的减慢（FBA）及其降低的反应性，将 DLB 与 AD 区分开来个体水平具有与定量 EEG (qEEG) 相似的高精度。单独的 GRDAfp 也可以以相似的诊断准确性区分 DLB 和 PDD。AD 与 PDD 的不同之处仅在于 FBA 的放缓。认知障碍的持续时间和严重程度在有和没有 GRDAfp 的 DLB 患者之间没有差异，这表明这种异常的 EEG 模式不应被视为疾病进展标志物。结论。这项调查的结果重新评估了传统脑电图在退行性痴呆诊断检查中的作用，表明在 DLB 的支持性诊断生物标志物列表中可能单独包含 GRDAfp 或更好地结合 FBA 的减慢及其反应性降低。