Numerous fields of science and technology, including healthcare, robotics and bioelectronics, have begun to switch their research direction from developing ‘high-end, high-cost’ tools towards ‘high-end, low-cost’ solutions. Graphene electronic tattoos (GETs), whose fabrication protocol is discussed in this work, are ideal building blocks of future wearable technology due to their outstanding electromechanical properties. The GETs are composed of high-quality, large-scale graphene that is transferred onto tattoo paper, resulting in an electronic device that is applied onto skin like a temporary tattoo. Here, we provide a comprehensive GET fabrication protocol, starting from graphene growth and ending with integration onto human skin. The methodology presented is unique since it utilizes high-quality electronic-grade graphene, while the processing is done by using low-cost and off-the-shelf methods, such as a mechanical cutter plotter. The GETs can be either used in combination with advanced scientific equipment to perform precision experiments, or with low-cost electrophysiology boards, to conduct similar operations from home. In this protocol, we showcase how GETs can be applied onto the human body and how they can be used to obtain a variety of biopotentials, including electroencephalogram (brain waves), electrocardiogram (heart activity), electromyogram (muscle activity), as well as monitoring of body temperature and hydration. With graphene available from commercial sources, the whole protocol consumes ~3 h of labor and does not require highly trained personnel. The protocol described in this work can be readily replicated in simple laboratories, including high school facilities.

包括医疗保健、机器人和生物电子学在内的众多科技领域已经开始将研究方向从开发“高端、高成本”的工具转向“高端、低成本”的解决方案。石墨烯电子纹身 (GETs) 的制造协议在本工作中进行了讨论，由于其出色的机电特性，它是未来可穿戴技术的理想组成部分。GETs 由高质量、大规模的石墨烯组成，这些石墨烯被转移到纹身纸上，从而形成一种像临时纹身一样贴在皮肤上的电子设备。在这里，我们提供了一个全面的 GET 制造协议，从石墨烯生长开始，到与人体皮肤的集成结束。所提出的方法是独一无二的，因为它利用了高质量的电子级石墨烯，而加工是通过使用低成本和现成的方法完成的，例如机械刻字机。GET 既可以与先进的科学设备结合使用以进行精密实验，也可以与低成本的电生理板结合使用，在家里进行类似的操作。在本协议中，我们展示了 GETs 如何应用于人体以及如何使用它们来获取各种生物电势，包括脑电图（脑电波）、心电图（心脏活动）、肌电图（肌肉活动）以及监测体温和水分。使用商业来源的石墨烯，整个协议消耗约 3 小时的劳动力，并且不需要训练有素的人员。这项工作中描述的协议可以很容易地在简单的实验室中复制，