This article presents an integrative theoretical framework of subnational natural resource dependence. I argue that rural natural resource dependence represents a special case of the core-periphery relationship, where rural, resource-rich labor markets form a dual dependency on both the global capitalist economy and the local natural environment. This occurs because the contradiction between spatially fixed natural resources and the mobility of capital prompts both external interests and local power elites to use their power to pressure rural labor markets in directions outside their best interest and to exploit rural labor. I argue that both extractive (e.g., mining, timber, agriculture) and nonextractive (e.g., tourism, real estate) forms of natural resource development share this contradiction. Although pushing different uses of the resource base, extractive and nonextractive development do not fundamentally vary in their exploitative relationship with rural labor markets.

本文提出了次国家自然资源依赖的综合理论框架。我认为，农村自然资源依赖是核心－外围关系的特例，农村资源丰富的农村劳动力市场对全球资本主义经济和当地自然环境都构成双重依赖。发生这种情况是因为空间固定的自然资源与资本的流动性之间的矛盾促使外部利益集团和地方权力精英利用其权力向农村劳动力市场施加了最大利益以外的压力，并剥削了农村劳动力。我认为自然资源开发的采掘（例如采矿，木材，农业）和非采掘（例如旅游，房地产）形式都存在这种矛盾。