This article examines the formation and development of the concept of the Establishment in British political argument after its recoining in a celebrated article by the journalist Henry Fairlie in 1955. The author argues that the term “the Establishment” did not have a stable referent but rather acquired a range of possible meanings and uses as part of a new political vocabulary within which the course and significance of recent political and social change was contested, and that ultimately transformed social-democratic and conservative politics in Britain. The article situates the formation of the concept of the Establishment within a prolonged contestation of social and political authority in Britain during the middle of the twentieth century and traces the recoining of the term in conservative political commentary prior to Henry Fairlie's frequently cited 1955 Spectator article. From the late 1950s, it is argued, the concept acquired more distinctively contemporary meanings that enabled its adoption by Harold Wilson during the mid-1960s and its subsequent reappropriation by Margaret Thatcher in the mid-1970s. These usages registered and helped to accomplish fundamental political realignments, the understanding of which depends upon a close analysis of political and social concepts.

中文翻译：

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1945年以来英国“建制派”的概念与政治论调的转变

本文考察了建制派概念在英国政治论证中的形成和发展，该概念在 1955 年记者亨利·费尔利 (Henry Fairlie) 的一篇著名文章中重新提出后。作者认为，“建制派”一词没有稳定的指称，而是获得了一系列可能的含义和用途，作为新政治词汇的一部分，在这些词汇中，最近的政治和社会变革的进程和意义受到质疑，并最终改变了英国的社会民主和保守政治。文章将建制派概念的形成置于 20 世纪中叶英国社会和政治权威的长期争论中，并追溯了亨利·费尔利之前保守派政治评论中对该术语的重新创造。观影r 文章。有人认为，从 1950 年代后期开始，这一概念获得了更加独特的当代意义，这使得它在 1960 年代中期被哈罗德·威尔逊采用，随后在 1970 年代中期被玛格丽特·撒切尔重新采用。这些用法记录并帮助完成了基本的政治调整，对其的理解取决于对政治和社会概念的仔细分析。