The Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) is one of the most trafficked animal species globally, and is listed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN. There is limited information on reproductive biology or pathology of this species. We now document the clinical and pathological features of pyelonephritis and cystic endometrial hyperplasia in one of these animals. Ultrasonographic examination revealed pathological changes in the kidneys and uterus. On histopathological examination, there was marked interstitial infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes in kidney tissue, fibrinonecrotic ureteritis and mild endometrial hyperplasia. This first report of these urogenital lesions in this species will be valuable for the conduct of health and reproductive assessments of the Sunda pangolin, which inform conservation and ex-situ management of this species.

巽他穿山甲（Manis javanica) 是全球贩运量最大的动物物种之一，被世界自然保护联盟列为极危物种。关于该物种的生殖生物学或病理学的信息有限。我们现在记录其中一只动物的肾盂肾炎和囊性子宫内膜增生的临床和病理特征。超声检查显示肾脏和子宫的病理变化。组织病理学检查可见肾组织间质巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞明显浸润，纤维蛋白坏死性输尿管炎，子宫内膜轻度增生。该物种的这些泌尿生殖系统病变的首次报告对于进行巽他穿山甲的健康和生殖评估非常有价值，为该物种的保护和异地管理提供信息。