In this work, we consider gravitationally induced particle creation scenario to discuss the validity of thermodynamic laws in the context of cubic gravity which is based on an invariant term and constructed from cubic contraction of the Riemann tensor. We consider spatially flat FRW universe filled with a perfect fluid assuming an equation of state p = (γ − 1)ρ with 2 3 ≤ γ ≤ 2. By taking the Hubble horizon as the boundary of the universe, we investigate the first and generalized second law of thermodynamics along with thermodynamic equilibrium in the presence of Bekenstein entropy. In order to view the clear picture of these laws, we take into account two models of particle creation rate Γ which are constrained with recent observational data. It is found that the validity of these laws holds for the suitable values of model parameters in the specific ranges of redshift parameter for both models.

中文翻译：

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立方重力中的重力诱导粒子产生

在这项工作中，我们考虑引力诱导的粒子产生场景，以讨论立方引力背景下热力学定律的有效性，立方引力基于不变项并由黎曼张量的立方收缩构成。假设状态方程，我们考虑充满完美流体的空间平坦 FRW 宇宙p = (γ - 1)ρ和2 3 ≤ γ ≤ 2. 通过将哈勃视界作为宇宙的边界，我们研究了热力学第一定律和广义第二定律以及在存在贝肯斯坦熵的情况下的热力学平衡。为了更清楚地了解这些规律，我们考虑了两种粒子产生率模型Γ受到最近观测数据的限制。发现这些定律的有效性适用于两个模型在特定红移参数范围内模型参数的合适值。