Evidence indicates that macrophages play an important role in the immune system. Therefore, research involving inflammatory and oxidative stress responses in macrophages is of great significance. Many factors contribute to inflammation and oxidative stress, including Salmonella. We investigated the effect of the miR-139-5p/TRAF6 axis on the inflammatory and oxidative stress responses of Salmonella -infected macrophages. Our findings revealed that miR-139-5p decreased IL-1β and TNF-α levels to inhibit Salmonella-induced inflammatory responses in the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. Furthermore, miR-139-5p inhibited Salmonella-induced oxidative stress by strengthening SOD, CAT and GSH-PX activity, as well as lowering the malondialdehyde level in the RAW264.7 macrophages cell line. Subsequently, it was verified that TRAF6 was a downstream target of miR-139-5p in RAW264.7 cells. Rescue assays indicated that the over-expression of miR-139-5p inhibits the effects of TRAF6 on inflammatory and oxidative stress responses including Salmonella infection in RAW264.7 cells. To our knowledge, this study is the first to verify that miR-139-5p inhibits inflammatory and oxidative stress responses of Salmonella-infected macrophages through regulating TRAF6. This discovery may offer new insights on inflammatory and oxidative stress responses in macrophages.

中文翻译：

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MicroRNA-139-5p 通过调节 TRAF6 抑制沙门氏菌感染巨噬细胞的炎症和氧化应激反应

有证据表明，巨噬细胞在免疫系统中发挥着重要作用。因此，涉及巨噬细胞炎症和氧化应激反应的研究具有重要意义。许多因素会导致炎症和氧化应激，包括沙门氏菌。我们研究了 miR-139-5p/TRAF6 轴对沙门氏菌感染的巨噬细胞炎症和氧化应激反应的影响。我们的研究结果表明，miR-139-5p 降低 IL-1β 和 TNF-α 水平，以抑制 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞系中沙门氏菌诱导的炎症反应。此外，miR-139-5p 通过增强 SOD、CAT 和 GSH-PX 活性以及降低 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞系中的丙二醛水平来抑制沙门氏菌诱导的氧化应激。随后，证实TRAF6是RAW264.7细胞中miR-139-5p的下游靶标。救援分析表明，miR-139-5p 的过表达抑制了 TRAF6 对炎症和氧化应激反应的影响，包括 RAW264.7 细胞中的沙门氏菌感染。据我们所知，本研究首次证实 miR-139-5p 通过调节 TRAF6 抑制沙门氏菌感染的巨噬细胞的炎症和氧化应激反应。这一发现可能为巨噬细胞的炎症和氧化应激反应提供新的见解。本研究首次证实 miR-139-5p 通过调节 TRAF6 抑制沙门氏菌感染巨噬细胞的炎症和氧化应激反应。这一发现可能为巨噬细胞的炎症和氧化应激反应提供新的见解。本研究首次证实 miR-139-5p 通过调节 TRAF6 抑制沙门氏菌感染巨噬细胞的炎症和氧化应激反应。这一发现可能为巨噬细胞的炎症和氧化应激反应提供新的见解。