In his Faunal Connections between Europe and North America (1957), a landmark study of ecological introductions from Europe to North America that prefigured Alfred Crosby’s Columbian Exchange by three decades, Carl Lindroth sought to explain the distribution of fauna and particularly insects across the North Atlantic. It was the culmination of a multi-year investigation begun in 1949 that had seen the Swedish ecologist and entomologist collect insects in Newfoundland, compare his findings with other North American and European regions, and trace the origins of introduced insects to various sites in southwestern England. Through this work, he identified the ballast of sailing ships as a primary vector of insect introduction to the Americas, argued for the importance of recurring introductions of breeding pairs in successful colonization, and demonstrated the importance of examining a broad range of species introductions, not just those that directly mattered to human history. Conceived and executed in the context of the Cold War, Lindroth’s project benefited from governmental and institutional support that sought to promote transatlantic scientific cooperation and northern research. His path to researching and writing Faunal Connections reveals both the influence of geopolitics in shaping environmental ideas and the capacity for scientists to benefit from strategic funding opportunities while contributing little of strategic value. Lindroth’s work deserves reexamination, both for its substance and for what it can tell us about the ideas behind foundational texts like The Columbian Exchange and, indeed, the making of ideas about global ecological change.

中文翻译：

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偷渡甲虫：冷战中的卡尔·林德罗斯、压舱物理论和跨大西洋科学

在他的《欧洲和北美之间的动物群系联系》（1957 年）中，对从欧洲到北美的生态引入的里程碑式研究预示了阿尔弗雷德·克罗斯比的哥伦比亚交易所到 30 年时，卡尔·林德罗斯 (Carl Lindroth) 试图解释北大西洋动物群，尤其是昆虫的分布。瑞典生态学家和昆虫学家在纽芬兰收集昆虫，将他的发现与其他北美和欧洲地区进行比较，并将引入昆虫的起源追溯到英格兰西南部的各个地点，这是一项始于 1949 年的多年调查的高潮。 . 通过这项工作，他将帆船的压舱物确定为昆虫引入美洲的主要载体，论证了繁殖对的重复引入在成功殖民中的重要性，并证明了检查广泛的物种引入的重要性，而不是只是那些对人类历史直接重要的东西。在冷战背景下构思和执行，Lindroth 的项目得益于旨在促进跨大西洋科学合作和北方研究的政府和机构支持。他的研究和写作之路Faunal Connections揭示了地缘政治在塑造环境理念方面的影响，以及科学家从战略资助机会中受益而几乎没有贡献战略价值的能力。Lindroth 的工作值得重新审视，无论是它的实质内容，还是它可以告诉我们关于像哥伦比亚交易所这样的基础文本背后的想法，以及关于全球生态变化的想法的形成。