This research contributes to the debate about the relevance of Industry 4.0 technologies in improving environmental performance in the manufacturing industry. We employed a qualitative–quantitative approach in which 19 Italian operations managers were interviewed and 260 managers responded to an online questionnaire. The effects of various technologies were ranked using ordinal regression. Comments and suggestions gave context to the quantitative results. Sensors, radio-frequency identification, artificial intelligence and analytics were found to be most relevant in improving environmental performance, whereas simulation software contributed moderately. Additive manufacturing, cobots, robots, automated mobile robots and automated guided vehicles had a negative effect, augmented reality had no effect and other technologies indirectly affected environmental performance. We also found a lack of knowledge and application as well as scepticism about technologies such as artificial intelligence and augmented reality. Finally, there was concern about the disposal of electrical and electronic waste produced by these technologies.

中文翻译：

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制造业的工业 4.0 技术：我们确定它们都与环境绩效相关吗？

这项研究有助于讨论工业 4.0 技术在提高制造业环境绩效方面的相关性。我们采用了定性-定量方法，其中 19 位意大利运营经理接受了采访，260 位经理回答了在线问卷。使用序数回归对各种技术的效果进行排序。评论和建议为定量结果提供了背景。发现传感器、射频识别、人工智能和分析与改善环境绩效最相关，而模拟软件的贡献不大。增材制造、协作机器人、机器人、自动移动机器人和自动导引车产生了负面影响，增强现实没有效果，其他技术间接影响了环境绩效。我们还发现缺乏知识和应用以及对人工智能和增强现实等技术的怀疑。最后，人们担心这些技术产生的电气和电子废物的处理。