During adolescence, there are important changes in both depressive symptoms and self-concept; thus, the present study aimed to examine the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on depression and self-concept in adolescents and test whether age moderated the changes. A sample of 300 students aged between 13 and 21 years (M = 16.13, SD = 1.80), randomly assigned to either the MBI or a wait-list control group, completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and Self-Concept Form-5 Questionnaire before and after implementation of the Learning to Breathe program. The intervention effects on the changes in some factors of depression and dimensions of self-concept were moderated by age. The intervention prevented increases in depression and somatic symptoms, decreased interpersonal difficulties, and increased social self-concept in older adolescents. However, in younger adolescents, there was an increase in depression, depressed affect, and somatic symptoms post-intervention. The effectiveness of mindfulness training was higher in the oldest adolescents, suggesting that MBIs should be even more precisely adapted for younger adolescents. Implications for the implementation of mindfulness programs in schools are discussed.

青春期期间，抑郁症状和自我概念都有重要变化；因此，本研究旨在检查基于正念的干预（MBI）对青少年抑郁和自我概念的影响，并测试年龄是否能缓解这种变化。抽样调查了300名年龄在13到21岁之间的学生（M  = 16.13，SD = 1.80）（随机分配给MBI或候补名单对照组）在实施“学习呼吸”计划之前和之后完成了流行病学研究中心抑郁量表和自我概念Form-5问卷。干预对抑郁的某些因素的改变和自我概念的维度受到年龄的影响。该干预措施可以防止抑郁症和躯体症状的增加，人际交往困难的减少以及老年人的社会自我概念的增加。但是，在年轻的青少年中，干预后抑郁，情绪低落和躯体症状有所增加。在年龄最大的青少年中，正念训练的效果较高，这表明MBI应该更精确地适应年轻的青少年。