A comparison is made between an existing stratigraphic model and new data in the same area of southeast Sundaland; the composite tectonic plate that underlies much of SE Asia. A previous view that the Neogene eustatic stratal signature was detectable is refuted with new well data. A new interpretation of stratigraphy and regional geology is made through an evidence-based, inductive approach. Care is taken in assessing the precision and accuracy of observational inputs, similar to confidence ranges declared by other sciences, especially in determining geological age and facies.

At a low resolution the new interpretation appears to match the expected rift phase which gradually faded to basinal sag, then mild compression in Miocene times. However it also identifies distinct episodes of sedimentation, separated by times of rapid change in the basin morphology. These times of change correlate over a wide area, and appear to be the primary controls on sedimentation. Their highly variable geographic intensity identities them as having been produced by tectonic movements.

The previous model-based and deductive interpretation of the area can be summarised as being introspective, with the focus being on the idealised, technical model rather than a wider reality. The evidence-based, inductive approach is outward looking as it is built on, and seeks verification through, cross-checking data types. It is also predictive and potentially falsifiable, that is, it has a stronger emphasis on science rather than technique. For example, a sudden reduction in rates of sedimentation coinciding with the Eocene to Oligocene boundary predicts the sudden appearance and growth of sediment traps (new basins) in a proximal location, and the variable polarity of vertical movement through the Oligocene and up to the Oligo-Miocene boundary predicts non-epeirogenic type tectonic movement. Both these hypotheses can be tested and augmented.

This review argues that a change from model-based and deductive approaches to an inductive method, as well as more qualified descriptions of data reliability, is necessary to develop a better understanding of tectonically active and complex regions. The currently popular method of having a stratigraphic summary based on a poorly described relative sea-level curve and an un-evaluated rift to sag basin genesis is neither rigorously deductive nor properly inductive, and has little scientific (predictive) value. A new tectono-stratigraphic method is needed to improve our understanding of both stratigraphy and the Cenozoic tectonic processes that developed SE Asia.

在现有的地层模型与新的东南圣达兰地区同一地区的新数据之间进行了比较。东南亚大部分地区的复合构造板块。新的井眼数据驳斥了先前认为可以检测到Neogene的正常地层特征的观点。通过基于证据的归纳方法，对地层学和区域地质有了新的解释。在评估观测输入的精度和准确性时要格外小心，这与其他科学所宣称的置信度范围相似，尤其是在确定地质年龄和岩相方面。

在低分辨率下，新的解释似乎与预期的裂谷相匹配，该裂谷相逐渐淡化为盆地下陷，然后在中新世时期被轻度压缩。但是，它也可以识别出不同的沉积事件，并用盆地形态的快速变化时间将它们分开。这些变化时间在大范围内相关，并且似乎是沉积的主要控制因素。它们高度变化的地理强度将其识别为构造运动产生的。

以前基于模型和对该区域的演绎性解释可以归纳为内省型，重点放在理想化的技术模型上，而不是更广泛的现实上。基于证据的归纳方法在构建时是外向的，并通过交叉检查数据类型来寻求验证。它也是可预测的并且可能被证伪，也就是说，它更加强调科学而不是技术。例如，随着始新世至渐新世边界的沉积速率突然降低，预示着近端位置沉积物陷阱（新盆地）的突然出现和生长，以及通过渐新世直至垂直低新世的垂直运动的极性变化中新世边界可预测非油气成因类型的构造运动。这两个假设都可以进行检验和扩充。

这篇评论认为，从模型的演绎方法到归纳方法的转变，以及对数据可靠性的更优质描述，对于更好地理解构造活动和复杂区域都是必要的。当前流行的基于描述不佳的相对海平面曲线和对流陷盆地成因的裂谷没有进行评估的地层摘要的方法既没有严格演绎也没有适当地归纳，并且几乎没有科学（预测）价值。需要一种新的构造-地层学方法来增进我们对发展东南亚的地层和新生代构造过程的理解。