Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have great potential for real-time assessment of glycemic variation in patients with hepatic glycogen storage disease (GSD). However, detailed descriptions and in-depth analysis of CGM data from hepatic GSD patients during interventions are scarce. This is a retrospective in-depth analysis of CGM parameters, acquired in a continuous, real-time fashion describing glucose management in 15 individual GSD patients. CGM subsets are obtained both in-hospital and at home, upon nocturnal dietary intervention (n = 1), starch loads (n = 11) and treatment of GSD Ib patients with empagliflozin (n = 3). Descriptive CGM parameters, and parameters reflecting glycemic variation and glycemic control are considered useful CGM outcome parameters. Furthermore, the combination of first and second order derivatives, cumulative sum and Fourier analysis identified both subtle and sudden changes in glucose management; hence, aiding assessment of dietary and medical interventions. CGM data interpolation for nocturnal intervals reduced confounding by physical activity and diet. Based on these analyses, we conclude that in-depth CGM analysis can be a powerful tool to assess glucose management and optimize treatment in individual hepatic GSD patients.

中文翻译：

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对肝糖原贮积病患者连续血糖监测数据集的回顾性深入分析：推荐的血糖管理结果参数

连续血糖监测 (CGM) 系统在实时评估肝糖原贮积病 (GSD) 患者的血糖变化方面具有巨大潜力。然而，在干预期间对来自肝脏 GSD 患者的 CGM 数据的详细描述和深入分析却很少。这是对 CGM 参数的回顾性深入分析，以连续、实时的方式获得，描述了 15 名 GSD 患者的血糖管理。在夜间饮食干预 (n = 1)、淀粉负荷 (n = 11) 和用恩格列净 (n = 3) 治疗 GSD Ib 患者后，在医院内和在家中均获得 CGM 子集。描述性 CGM 参数和反映血糖变化和血糖控制的参数被认为是有用的 CGM 结果参数。此外，一阶和二阶导数的组合，累积和和傅立叶分析确定了血糖管理的微妙和突然变化；因此，有助于评估饮食和医疗干预措施。夜间间隔的 CGM 数据插值减少了身体活动和饮食造成的混淆。基于这些分析，我们得出结论，深入的 CGM 分析可以成为评估葡萄糖管理和优化个体肝脏 GSD 患者治疗的有力工具。