Background

Iodine deficiency disorder is one of the major hidden hunger for poverty-stricken coastal rural areas of Bangladesh. Despite various programs, including universal salt iodization, IDD is significantly persistent due to poverty, inadequate knowledge, poor attitude, and practice of iodized salt consumption. The present study aimed to determine iodine concentration in salt at the household level as well as the magnitude of knowledge, attitude, and practice related to iodized salt utilization and iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs).

Material and method

A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out using multistage sampling among 400 households in four coastal districts in Bangladesh. A standard pretested questionnaire was used to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards iodized salt consumption. The iodine level was measured using the gold standard iodometric titration technique in the collected salt samples from the selected households.

Result

The study results revealed that almost half of the participants had good knowledge regarding a balanced diet, whereas the positive attitude and practice of balanced diet consumption was relatively low (only 16.2% and 11.3%, respectively). The respondents' education profile and age were strongly correlated with knowledge and attitude; however, the practice was not significantly correlated with age and education. The concentration of iodine in salt at household levels was strongly associated with the practice of using iodized salt. Use of adequate iodized salt was 2.838 times (OR: 2.838, 95% CI: 1.7–4.735) and 3.884 times (OR: 3.884, 95%CI: 2.029–7.433) more likely to have a positive attitude and good practice towards iodized salt and IDDs respectively.

Conclusion

Proper knowledge about iodized salt and IDDs should be introduced to all public education premises levels. Interventions and programs can be formulated to enhance knowledge, attitude, and practice at the household level so that the consumption of adequate iodized salt can be ensured to reduce iodine deficiency problems.

中文翻译：

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知识、态度和实践对孟加拉国选定沿海地区家庭碘盐消费的影响

背景

碘缺乏症是孟加拉国沿海贫困农村地区的主要隐性饥饿之一。尽管实施了包括普遍食盐加碘在内的各种计划，但由于贫困、知识不足、态度恶劣和食用加碘盐的做法，碘缺乏症仍然持续存在。本研究旨在确定家庭层面盐中的碘浓度以及与碘盐利用和碘缺乏病（IDD）相关的知识、态度和实践的程度。

材料与方法

对孟加拉国四个沿海地区的 400 个家庭进行了多阶段抽样，进行了一项基于人口的横断面研究。使用标准预测试问卷来确定对碘盐消费的知识、态度和实践。使用金标准碘量滴定技术测量了从选定家庭收集的盐样品中的碘含量。

结果

研究结果显示，近半数受访者对均衡饮食有良好认识，但对均衡饮食消费的积极态度和实践却相对较低（分别只有16.2%和11.3%）。受访者的教育程度和年龄与知识和态度密切相关；然而，这种做法与年龄和教育程度没有显着相关。家庭食盐中的碘浓度与使用碘盐的习惯密切相关。使用充足的碘盐对碘盐持积极态度和良好做法的可能性是其 2.838 倍（OR：2.838，95% CI：1.7–4.735）和 3.884 倍（OR：3.884，95% CI：2.029–7.433）和 IDD 分别。

结论

应向所有公共教育场所各级介绍有关碘盐和碘缺乏病的正确知识。可以制定干预措施和计划来增强家庭层面的知识、态度和实践，以确保摄入足够的碘盐，减少碘缺乏问题。