Detection of pore types and diagenetic features from seismic data is a major challenge for the evaluation of carbonate reservoirs in the subsurface. Based on a detailed petrographical and petrophysical analysis of carbonate rock using optical and scanning electron microscopy, mercury-injection measurements, digital image analysis, and well logs, we have determined the potential of the geophysical pore type (${\alpha }_{\mathrm{P}}$) inversion — a rock physics inversion scheme based on the differential effective medium theory—to quantitatively and qualitatively characterize the pore type distribution from acoustic data in the Yadana carbonate gas field (Early Miocene, offshore Myanmar). The geophysical pore type (${\alpha }_{\mathrm{P}}$) is revealed to be an upscalable parameter, whose depositional/diagenetic interpretation may be performed at well log and at seismic scales. We apply the inversion method on a 3D seismic data to map the reservoir-scale distribution and highlight the occurrence of laterally extended (100–1000 m) subseismic- to seismic-scale (thickness $>5\mathrm{m}$) geologic bodies. From this approach, two main reservoir geobodies are discriminated and interpreted in terms of depositional and diagenetic fabrics: (1) highly microporous, decameter-scale reservoir units (approximately 80% of the reservoir), mainly consisting of foraminiferal, red algae floatstone to rudstone with vuggy moldic porosity and characterized by moderate to high ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{P}}$ (0.11–0.20) and (2) thin, stratiform, cemented scleractinian floatstone/brecciated units (5–10 m; approximately 20% of the reservoir) with low microporosity and macroporosity and exhibiting low ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{P}}$ values ($<0.11$).

中文翻译：

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碳酸盐岩储层的地球物理孔隙类型反演：岩心，测井和地震数据的整合（缅甸近海的Yadana油田）

从地震数据中检测孔隙类型和成岩特征是评估地下碳酸盐岩储层的主要挑战。在使用光学和扫描电子显微镜对碳酸盐岩进行详细的岩石学和岩石物理分析，注汞测量，数字图像分析和测井数据的基础上，我们确定了地球物理孔隙类型的潜力（${\alpha }_{\mathrm{P}}$反演（一种基于微分有效介质理论的岩石物理学反演方案），以从Yadana碳酸盐气田（缅甸中部早期中新世）的声波数据定量和定性地表征孔隙类型分布。地球物理孔隙类型（${\alpha }_{\mathrm{P}}$）被认为是可升级的参数，其沉积/成岩解释可以在测井和地震规模下进行。我们将反演方法应用于3D地震数据，以绘制储层规模分布图，并突出显示横向扩展（100–1000 m）的次地震至地震规模（厚度）的发生 $>5\mathrm{米}$）地质体。通过这种方法，根据沉积和成岩构造区分和解释了两个主要的储层地质体：（1）高度微孔，数十米级的储层单元（约占储层的80％），主要由有孔虫，红藻浮石到鲁德斯通组成。霉菌性孔隙率高，特征为中度到高度${\alpha }_{\mathrm{P}}$ （0.11-0.20）和（2）薄，层状，胶结的硬骨珊瑚浮石/角砾岩单元（5-10 m；约占储层的20％），具有低微孔隙度和大孔隙度，并且具有低孔隙度 ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{P}}$ 值（$<0.11$）。