Background

This study is aimed to assess the incidence of advanced opportunistic infections (OIs) and its predictors among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected children at Debre Tabor referral Hospital and University of Gondar Compressive specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020.

Methods

A retrospective follow-up study was conducted from June 1, 2010, to May 30, 2020. A total of 349 children under the age of 15 who had received Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) were included in the study. Data were entered into Epi info version 7.2 and then exported to Stata 14.0 for analysis. Kaplan Meier curve and Log-rank test were used to determine the median survival time and the discrepancy of different categorical variables. The Cox regression model was used to identify the predictors of advanced opportunistic infections. The Adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) at 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to declare statistical significance.

Result

The incidence rate of advanced opportunistic infection was 5.53 per 100 (95% CI: 4.7, 6.9) Person per year observation (PYO). The median survival time was 113 months and the total follow-up periods were yielding 18882 months. Children presenting with treatment failure, Cotrimoxazole Preventive Therapy (CPT) non-user, low hemoglobin level (<10 mg/dl), and poor/fair level of adherence to ART were less free survival time as compared to their counterparts for advanced opportunistic infections.

Conclusion

In this study, the median of advanced OIs free survival time was found to be low and the incidence rate was found to be high. The incidence advanced OIs was associated with anemia, treatment failure, and poor/fair level of adherence, cotrimoxazole preventive therapy non-users. Further research should conduct to evaluate and to improve the quality of care in the study area.

中文翻译：

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2020 年埃塞俄比亚西北部 Debre Tabor 转诊医院和 Gondar 大学压缩专科医院 HIV 感染儿童的晚期机会性感染发生率及其预测因素：一项多中心回顾性随访研究

背景

本研究旨在评估 2020 年在埃塞俄比亚西北部的 Debre Tabor 转诊医院和 Gondar Compressive 大学专科医院感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的儿童中晚期机会性感染 (OI) 的发生率及其预测因素。

方法

2010 年 6 月 1 日至 2020 年 5 月 30 日进行了一项回顾性随访研究，共有 349 名 15 岁以下接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的儿童被纳入研究。数据输入 Epi info 7.2 版，然后导出到 Stata 14.0 进行分析。Kaplan Meier曲线和Log-rank检验用于确定中位生存时间和不同分类变量的差异。Cox 回归模型用于确定晚期机会性感染的预测因子。95% 置信区间 (CI) 的调整后风险比 (AHR) 用于声明统计学意义。

结果

晚期机会性感染的发生率为 5.53/100 (95% CI: 4.7, 6.9) 人/年观察 (PYO)。中位生存时间为 113 个月，总随访期为 18882 个月。与晚期机会性感染的同龄人相比，出现治疗失败、未使用复方新诺明预防性治疗 (CPT)、血红蛋白水平低 (<10 mg/dl) 以及对 ART 依从性差/一般的儿童的自由生存时间较短.

结论

在这项研究中，发现晚期 OIs 无生存时间的中位数较低，而发病率较高。晚期 OIs 的发生率与贫血、治疗失败、依从性差/一般水平、复方新诺明预防性治疗非使用者有关。应进行进一步的研究以评估和提高研究区域的护理质量。