A ${K}$ -band variable-gain phase shifter using a Gilbert-cell vector synthesizer with a current digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and an RC – RL poly-phase filter (PPF) is presented, which is fabricated with a 65-nm RF CMOS process. It controls both gain and phase with low phase and gain variations as well as a low insertion loss. The Gilbert cell synthesizes a vector by summing in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) phase signals of which the amplitudes are decided by the tail currents of the summing cells, respectively. The tail currents are given by current DACs, which are particularly designed to make the synthesizer have a constant output impedance in all phase and gain states. Because the gain and phase control resolutions depend on those of the current DACs, the size and insertion loss of the variable-gain phase shifter are not dependent on the control resolutions. The total root-mean-square (rms) phase and gain errors are measured to be 0.488° and 0.098 dB for 4096 states of the 7-bit 360° phase and 5-bit 17.8-dB gain controls, respectively, which are calibrated with extra 2-phase and 1-gain control bits. It shows −3.5 dB maximum gain including ON-chip balun losses with 6.6-mW dc power consumption.

中文翻译：

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一种 ķ吉尔伯特-信元矢量合成器的带内可变增益移相器 钢筋混凝土–RL 多相滤波器

一种 $ {K} $ 带吉尔伯特单元矢量合成器的带可变增益移相器，该合成器具有当前的数模转换器（DAC）和 钢筋混凝土 – RL介绍了采用65 nm RF CMOS工艺制造的多相滤波器（PPF）。它以低相位和增益变化以及低插入损耗来控制增益和相位。吉尔伯特单元通过对同相（I）和正交（Q）相位信号求和来合成矢量，其幅度分别由求和单元的尾电流确定。尾电流由电流DAC提供，电流DAC经过专门设计，以使合成器在所有相位和增益状态下均具有恒定的输出阻抗。由于增益和相位控制分辨率取决于当前DAC的分辨率，因此可变增益移相器的大小和插入损耗不取决于控制分辨率。总的均方根（rms）相位和增益误差测得为0.488°和0。对于4096个状态的7位360°相位和5位17.8-dB增益控制，分别为098 dB，并使用额外的2相和1增益控制位进行了校准。它显示了−3.5 dB的最大增益，包括片上巴伦损耗和6.6mW直流功耗。