Metamaterials can be defined as a joint of small artificial cells or elements which could be small scatterers or apertures which are distributed in a regular array throughout a region of space, in order to obtain some desirable macroscopic electromagnetic behavior which would be difficult to obtain with natural materials. In the beginning, metamaterials were first an interesting theoretical concept, then they were some periodic dielectric-conductor structures with unusual measured properties, and finally they became an important part of some modern electronic devices. Due to the fast development in the area and considering the fact that it is not common to find reviews of the metamaterial theory written in Spanish language, this work is an updated state-of-the-art related to metamaterials properties, classification and applications, based on the most relevant research works in the area. As a result from this review, an updated metamaterial classification is given as a contribution. Main metamaterial properties, design techniques and applications are shown. Moreover, a perspective of the metamaterial future is presented, in order to generate interest in this area of research.

中文翻译：

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电磁超材料概述


超材料可以定义为小型人造细胞或元件的联合体，这些人造细胞或元件可以是小散射体或孔径，它们以规则阵列分布在整个空间区域中，以获得一些理想的宏观电磁行为，而这在自然环境中是难以获得的。材料。一开始，超材料首先是一个有趣的理论概念，然后它们是一些具有不寻常测量特性的周期性介电导体结构，最后它们成为一些现代电子设备的重要组成部分。由于该领域的快速发展，并考虑到用西班牙语撰写的超材料理论评论并不常见，这项工作是与超材料特性、分类和应用相关的最新最新成果，基于该领域最相关的研究工作。作为本次审查的结果，更新的超材料分类作为贡献给出。展示了主要超材料特性、设计技术和应用。此外，还提出了超材料未来的视角，以激发人们对该领域研究的兴趣。