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Flight Trial Demonstration of Secure GBAS via the L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS)
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 , DOI: 10.1109/maes.2021.3052318
Nils Maurer 1 , Thomas Graupl 1 , Miguel A. Bellido-Manganell 1 , Daniel M. Mielke 1 , Alexandra Filip-Dhaubhadel 1 , Oliver Heirich 1 , Daniel Gerbeth 1 , Michael Felux 1 , Lukas M. Schalk 1 , Dennis Becker 1 , Nicolas Schneckenburger 1 , Michael Schnell 1
Affiliation  

The ground-based augmentation system (GBAS) is the cornerstone for enabling automated landings without the instrument landing system (ILS). Currently, GBAS is evolving to GBAS approach service type-D (GAST-D) for category III landings. This development toward GBAS GAST-D extends GBAS via the use of multiple frequencies (L1/L2 and L5) and the use of multiple global navigation satellite system constellations. GBAS requires correction data to be broadcast to aircraft, which is currently handled via the VHF data broadcast (VDB) datalink. However, VDB has several known shortcomings: 1) low throughput, 2) small area of operation, and 3) no cyber-security measures. In this article, we propose the use of the L-band digital aeronautical communications system (LDACS) for broadcasting GBAS correction data to address these shortcomings. In flight experiments conducted in 2019, we set up an experimental GBAS installation using LDACS. Broadcast data are secured using the timed efficient stream loss-tolerant authentication (TESLA) broadcast authentication protocol. Our results indicate that cryptographically secured GBAS data via LDACS can provide GAST-C and GAST-D services with high availability if cryptographic parameters are chosen appropriately.

中文翻译:


通过 L 波段数字航空通信系统 (LDACS) 进行安全 GBAS 的飞行试验演示



地基增强系统(GBAS)是在没有仪表着陆系统(ILS)的情况下实现自动着陆的基石。目前,GBAS 正在发展为用于 III 类着陆的 GBAS D 型进近服务 (GAST-D)。 GBAS GAST-D 的这一发展通过使用多个频率(L1/L2 和 L5)和使用多个全球导航卫星系统星座来扩展 GBAS。 GBAS 需要向飞机广播校正数据,目前通过 VHF 数据广播 (VDB) 数据链进行处理。然而,VDB 有几个已知的缺点:1)吞吐量低,2)操作区域小,3)没有网络安全措施。在本文中,我们建议使用L波段数字航空通信系统(LDACS)来广播GBAS校正数据来解决这些缺点。在 2019 年进行的飞行实验中,我们使用 LDACS 建立了实验性 GBAS 装置。使用定时高效流丢失容忍认证 (TESLA) 广播认证协议来保护广播数据的安全。我们的结果表明,如果加密参数选择适当,通过 LDACS 加密保护的 GBAS 数据可以提供高可用性的 GAST-C 和 GAST-D 服务。
更新日期:2021-04-07
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